The MAPP (MoEDAL Apparatus for Penetrating Particles) Upgrade for the MoEDAL-LHC Experiment at RUN-3

MoEDAL(大型强子对撞机的单极和奇异探测器)是为大型强子对撞机计划的一系列“专门实验”中的第一个，旨在以一种补充主要的大型强子对撞机探测器ATLAS和CMS的方式来寻找新物理中的高电离化身。MoEDAL实验由MoEDAL-Alberta小组领导，由来自世界各地的70名物理学家合作进行。它得到了NSERC发现拨款的部分支持。MoEDAL从2015年开始收集数据，从那时起，它已经建立了世界上对多电荷磁单极子生产的最严格限制。MoEDAL也是世界上第一个限制直接产生自旋1单极的实验，也是第一个限制通过光子聚变和Drell-yan(DY)过程产生单极的大型强子对撞机实验。MoEDAL的论文报告了世界上对Dyon、高电荷单极子和多电荷粒子的最佳直接限制，正在提交过程中。 部署在大型强子对撞机环上8号点的被动MoEDAL探测器具有双重性质。首先，它的作用就像一个巨大的相机，由核径迹探测器组成--通过超快扫描显微镜进行离线分析--只对新物理敏感。其次，它独一无二地能够捕获超越标准模型(SM)的物理粒子信使，以供进一步研究。辐射环境由实时TimePix像素探测器阵列监测。为了推动更高的能量(14TeV)和光度(30FB-1)，MoEDAL合作将在大型强子对撞机的Run-3(2021-2023年)获取数据。作为该计划的一部分，MoEDAL探测器将进行更新，增加一个名为MAPP(用于穿透颗粒的MoEDAL装置)的新子探测器。MAPP的目的是扩大MoEDAL的物理范围，以包括搜索：电荷低至电子电荷(E)的0.001的微型带电粒子(MCP)。而且，弱相互作用非常持久的中性粒子是新物理的信使。只有专门的实验MOEDAL-MAPP和FASER，以及互补的物理程序，将在即将到来的大型强子对撞机第三次运行期间获取数据。 MoEDAL-Alberta小组负责设计MAPP并构建中央MAPP MCP子探测器(MAPP-MCP)。MAPP-MCP由两个共线截面组成，横截面面积为1.0m2。每个部分由100(10厘米x 10厘米)长度组成，由2×75厘米的闪烁体组成。每一条由快速、低噪声光电倍增管读出，该光电倍增管由专门的快速电子设备读出，ToF分辨率为500 ps。因此，每个行进中的粒子将遇到3米(4巴)的闪烁体，由4个PMT读出。MAPP通过：100米的岩石覆盖层；至少25米的夹层岩石；以及一个活跃的否决系统，来保护MAPP免受来自IP8的宇宙射线和SM粒子的伤害。MAPP MCP探测器将极大地扩展ATLAS和CMS对分数电荷的灵敏度，目前分数电荷仅为~1/3E。

The MoEDAL (Monopole and Exotics Detector at the LHC) is the 1st of a series of "dedicated experiments" planned for the LHC and designed to search for the highly ionizing avatars of new physics in a complementary way to the main LHC detectors, ATLAS and CMS. The MoEDAL experiment, led by the MoEDAL-Alberta group, is carried out by a collaboration of 70 physicists from around the world. It is partially supported by an NSERC Discovery grant. MoEDAL started to take data in 2015 and has since then has established the world's most stringent limits on multiply charged magnetic monopole production. MoEDAL was also the world's 1st experiment to put limits on the direct production of spin-1 monopoles and the first LHC experiment to place limits on monopole production via photon fusion as well as the Drell-Yan (DY) process. MoEDAL papers reporting the world's best direct limits on Dyons, highly charged monopoles, and, on multiply electrically charged particles, are in the process of being submitted. The largely passive MoEDAL detector, deployed at Point 8 on the LHC ring, has a dual nature. First, it acts like a giant camera, comprised of nuclear track detectors - analyzed offline by ultra fast scanning microscopes - sensitive only to new physics. Second, it is uniquely able to trap the particle messengers of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) for further study. The radiation environment is monitored by a real-time TimePix pixel detector array. In order to push to higher energy (14 TeV) and luminosity (30 fb-1) the MoEDAL Collaboration will be taking data at LHC's RUN-3 (2021-2023). As part of this program the MoEDAL detector will be updated with the addition of a new subdetector called MAPP (MoEDAL Apparatus for Penetrating Particles). MAPP's purpose is to expand the physics reach of MoEDAL to include the search for: mini-charged particles (mCP) with charges as low as 0.001 the electron charge (e). and, weakly interacting very long-lived neutral particle messengers of new physics. Only the dedicated experiments, MOEDAL-MAPP and FASER, with complementary physics programs, will take data during LHC's upcoming RUN-3. The MoEDAL-Alberta group has the responsibility to design MAPP and also to construct the central MAPP mCP subdetector (MAPP-mCP). MAPP-mCP consists of two collinear sections with cross-sectional area 1.0 m2. Each section is comprised of 100 (10cm x 10cm) lengths comprised of 2 x 75 cm scintillator bars. Each bar is readout by a fast, low noise PMT that readout by specialized fast electronics, with a ToF resolution of 500 ps. Thus, each though-going particle will encounter 3m (4 bars) of scintillator, readout by 4 PMTs in coincidence. MAPP is protected from cosmic rays and SM particles from IP8, by: 100m rock overburden; at least 25 m of intervening rock; and, an active veto system. The MAPP mCP detector will greatly extend the ATLAS and CMS sensitivity to fractional charge which currently lies at only ~1/3e.