The carbon footprint of hydroelectric reservoirs and inland waters in Québec

拟议的研究计划结合了为特定水库制定详细的碳预算的需要，以便量化与水力发电相关的碳足迹并了解潜在的过程，并从更广泛的角度将水力发电作为一种景观改变，从根本上改变了水生网络的生物地球化学功能，从而改变了quacimbec北方生物群落的区域碳平衡。为了解决这两个互补但在概念和实践上截然不同的问题，拟议的CRD项目与Hydro qu<s:1> (HQ)公司合作，分为四个部分：1)确定新创建的La Romaine水电开发项目的碳足迹，作为水库级联综合体的独特案例研究。(2)北疆内陆水域（湖泊和河流）碳足迹（汇和源）的确定，以及未来气候和环境变化情景下碳足迹的变化。这个组成部分代表了必要的第一步，以便将水库整合到整个景观规模的网络视角中。3)结合全港水库的新测量数据和现有的长期数据集，根据水库的年龄、位置和本地特征建立水库排放模型。(4)确定青海北部水库群的温室气体排放现状，并对未来气候和环境变化情景下水电开发如何改变区域尺度上的水碳足迹以及碳足迹如何随时间的区域变化进行一阶估计。拟议的研究建立在与总部15年卓有成效的合作基础上，并将产生将水库排放纳入碳核算框架的具体工具，这对工业和政府都具有关键的战略和经济重要性，同时对内陆水域对北方生物群落中区域碳平衡的作用产生根本性的新见解。以及蓄水介导的景观变化如何影响这些北方水生网络的生物地球化学功能。

The proposed research program combines the need to develop detailed carbon budgets for specific reservoirs, in order to quantify the C footprint associated to hydroelectric generation and to understand the underlying processes, with a broader perspective that places hydroelectric development as a landscape alteration that fundamentally modifies the biogeochemical functioning of aquatic networks and therefore alters the regional C balance in the boreal biome of Québec. In order to address these two complementary but conceptually and practically distinct issues, the proposed CRD program, in partnership with Hydro Québec (HQ), is divided into four components: 1) The determination of the C footprint of the newly-created La Romaine hydroelectric development, as a unique case study of a reservoir cascade complex. 2) The determination of the C footprint (sinks and sources) for the ensemble of inland waters (lakes and rivers) of boreal Québec, and how this footprint may shift under future scenarios of climate and environmental change. This component represents the necessary first step in order to integrate reservoirs within a network perspective at the whole landscape scale. 3) Modeling reservoir emissions based on reservoir age, location and local features based on a combination new measurements from reservoirs across the territory and existing long-term data sets. 4) Determining the current GHG emissions of the ensemble of reservoirs located in boreal Québec, and deriving a first order estimate of how hydroelectric development may have altered the aquatic C footprint at the regional scale, and how this C footprint may shift regionally with time, under future scenarios of climate and environmental change. The proposed research builds on 15 years of fruitful collaboration with HQ, and will yield concrete tools for the inclusion of reservoir emissions within C accounting frameworks, which are of key strategic and economic importance for industry and government alike, while yielding fundamental new insight on the role of inland waters on regional C balances in the boreal biome, and on how landscape transformations mediated by impoundment influence the biogeochemical functioning of these boreal aquatic networks.