Synthetic Biology

人类和酵母菌之间的蛋白质编码基因在功能上仍然相当，这一点突出了遥远生物在研究人类过程中的力量。人类和酵母菌在细胞和组织结构方面明显不同。尽管如此，我们最近的系统性研究表明，近一半的测试蛋白编码人类基因可以取代他们的酵母等价物。结果揭示了哪些保守的过程仍然是可互换的，从而为该子集创建了人类基因功能的直接测定。最后，这些研究证明了酵母和人类之间功能的广泛等效性，为基因进化提供了基本的见解。

The remarkable extent to which the protein-coding genes are still functionally equivalent between humans and yeast emphasizes the power of distant organisms for studying human processes. Humans and yeast obviously differ dramatically with respect to cell and tissue organization. Nonetheless, our recent systematic study showed that nearly half of the tested protein-coding human genes could substitute for their yeast equivalents. The results reveal which conserved processes are still interchangeable creating direct assays of human gene function for that subset. Finally, these studies demonstrate the broad equivalence of function between yeast and humans, providing fundamental insights into gene evolution.