Identifying geohazards in glaciated valleys and building rural community resilience via bare-earth point cloud analysis and eco-sensitive mitigation

在世界范围内，在以前的冰川山谷中，山体滑坡和泥石流造成了数千人死亡。气候变化、野火和土地扰动（例如，公路建设）增加了地质灾害的发生及其影响。农村社区、原住民社区和暴露于地质灾害的个人往往没有能力应对地质灾害，但有机会通过适当设计和实施生态敏感的减灾技术来提高复原力。我的长期研究目标是继续我过去的活动，以减少地质灾害的危害。在接下来的五年里，研究工作将集中在1）提高我们识别潜在泥石流或滑坡位置的能力，2）为资源有限的农村社区开发新的生态敏感的地质灾害缓解解决方案。建议的研究建立在我的丰富经验与岩石边坡地质灾害评估和缓解。它还利用远程驾驶飞机系统（RPAS）开发的技能进行实地数据收集，并对裸地球点云数据进行地理空间分析。利用应用于矿山和岩石边坡稳定性分析的机器学习工具开发的专有技术可以应用于冰川山谷的地质灾害。拟议研究的短期目标是：1）探索人类和气候变化对景观的干扰之间的相互作用（例如，研究的重点是冰川阶地沉积物中的特殊地质和地下水条件。2)评估先前被忽视的、看似微不足道的人类活动或自然原因对地表和次表层水流的扰动，这些扰动随后引发滑坡或泥石流。3)利用裸露地球点云数据中前所未有的细节水平，使用依赖于机器学习、算法训练和现场验证的多因素方法，沿沿着识别先前未识别的地质灾害位置。 4)为这些地质灾害制定具有成本效益和环境可持续性的缓解方法。减灾工作的重点将是改善排水系统，并对泥石流转向护堤进行生态敏感设计，以保护受地质灾害影响的个人和农村社区。

World wide there have been thousands of fatalities caused by landslides and debris flows in previously glaciated valleys. Climate change, wildfires, and land disturbances (e.g., road construction) increase the occurrence of geohazards and their impacts. Rural communities, First Nations communities, and individuals exposed to the geohazards are often ill-equipped to respond to the geohazards, yet there are opportunities to enhance resiliency via appropriately designed and implemented eco-sensitive mitigation techniques. My long term research goal is to continue my past activities to reduce harm from geohazards. For the next five years, the research effort will concentrate on 1) improving our ability to identify potential debris flow or landslide locations and 2) developing new eco-sensitive geohazard mitigation solutions for rural communities with limited resources. The proposed research builds upon my extensive experience with rock slope geohazard assessments and mitigation. It also leverages skills developed with remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) for data collection in the field, and geospatial analysis of bare-earth point cloud data. Knowhow developed with machine learning tools applied to stability analyses for mines and rock slopes can be applied to geohazards in glaciated valleys. The short term objectives of the proposed research are to 1)Explore the interactions between human and climate change disturbances on the landscape (e.g., road construction or forest fires) and the triggering of landslides and debris flows with a focus on the particular geological and groundwater conditions that occur in glacial terrace deposits. 2)Assess the impact of previously ignored and seemingly insignificant disturbances to surface and subsurface flow from human activities or natural causes that subsequently trigger landslides or debris flows. 3)Exploit unprecedented levels of detail in bare-earth point cloud data to identify previously unrecognized geohazard locations along valleys using a multi-factor approach that relies on machine learning, algorithm training, and field verification. 4)Develop cost-effective and environmentally sustainable mitigation methods for these geohazards. The mitigation efforts will be focused on better water drainage plus the eco-sensitive design of debris flow deflection berms to protect individuals and rural communities exposed to the geohazards.