Advancing Atmospheric Heterogeneous (Photo)chemistry and Microphysics in the age of Emerging Nanoparticles and Climate Change

全人类的生活都依赖于清洁的空气。世界卫生组织(WHO)估计，每10人中就有9人吸入污染的空气，这是全球每9人死亡中就有1人死亡的原因。空气污染与约900万人过早死亡有关。城市是空气污染的热点。城市大气排放约占全球温室气体排放总量的50%至80%，以及空气中的颗粒物或气溶胶，包括微小的纳米颗粒，以及由人造新兴污染物组成的颗粒物或气溶胶。由于空气是地球生态系统中移动最快的流体，空气污染物(如纳米颗粒)可以被输送到偏远地区，如北极。这一令人兴奋的计划目标是解决政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)和世界卫生组织确定的主要不确定性：气溶胶，重点放在更小的纳米粒子和物理化学过程上。拟议的研发计划建立在该团队最近的世界级发现的基础上，提出了创新研究，这将为加拿大在空气悬浮纳米粒子和新兴污染物领域建立一个新的利基市场。它与加拿大政府的战略发展计划非常一致，包括环境、北极、城市发展和可持续技术。该研究计划的总体目标是通过开发一种创新的方法，将物理和分析化学与建模和技术开发相结合，与合作伙伴网络合作，更好地了解控制空气悬浮颗粒和新出现的纳米污染物预算的来源和过程，以创建一种决策工具，我们预计该工具将无法纳入目前用于决策目的的加拿大全球空气质量模型。这将导致更有效地规划专门针对空气污染的环境管理措施。具体的研发主题包括：(A)推进对涉及空气中纳米颗粒的物理化学过程的理解边界，专注于新出现的纳米污染物，以及(B)开启大气观测和空气污染修复的可持续技术的新纪元。我们的目标将通过互补的观察、实验和建模以及技术开发方法来实现。这个团队拥有明智的能力、世界级的专业知识和尖端的设施，可以有效地实现这些重要目标。我们相信这个项目具有中等风险和非常高的影响潜力。这一计划将有助于创造一个强大和激励的多学科环境，以确保获得最先进的设施和世界级的培训，每年18个光明总部。这些年轻的科学家将获得他们选择的职业，为加拿大社会做出重大贡献。他们将成为学术界、政府、工业界和非政府组织的未来领导者，所有前Ream校友都实现了这一目标。

The lives of all human beings are dependent on clean air. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that 9 out of 10 humans inhale polluted air, which is responsible for 1 out of 9 deaths globally. Air pollution is linked to ~ 9 million premature deaths. Cities are hot spots for air pollution. Urban atmospheric emissions contribute ~50% to 80% of total global greenhouse gas emissions as well as airborne particles or aerosols, including small nanoparticles, and those consisting of manufactured emerging contaminants. Since air is the fastest moving fluid in the Earth's ecosystem, air pollutants (such as nanoparticles) can be transported to remote regions, such as Arctic. This exciting program goals is to address major uncertainties identified by both the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the WHO: aerosols, with a focus on smaller nanoparticles, physicochemical processes.  The proposed R&D program is building upon the team's recent world-class discoveries, proposing innovative research, which will establish a new niche for Canada in the domain of airborne nanoparticles and emerging contaminants. It is well-aligned with the government of Canada's strategic development plan, including environment, Arctic, urban development, and sustainable technology. The overarching goal of this research program is to better understand the sources and processes controlling the budget of airborne aerosols and emerging nano-contaminants by developing an innovative approach that will integrate physical and analytical chemistry, with modelling and development of technology, in collaboration with network of partners, to create a decision tool that we foresee can  be incorporated into Canadian air quality models, which are currently used for policy making purposes. It will lead to more effective planning of environmental management measures specifically targeted against air pollution.  The specific R&D themes include: (a) advancing the boundaries of understanding of the physicochemical processes involving airborne nanoparticles, focusing on emerging nano-contaminants, and (b) opening a new era of sustainable technology for atmospheric observation and air pollution remediation. Our objectives will be addressed using a complementary observational, experimental and modelling as well as technology development approach.  This team has the savoir-faire, world-class expertise, cutting edge facilities, to address these important objectives effectively.  We believe that this program is of medium risk and of very high impact potential. This program will conduce a formidable and stimulating multidisciplinary environment to ensure access to state-of-the-art facilities and world-class training of 18 bright HQP per year. These young scientists will obtain their career of their choice to make significant contributions to the Canadian society. They will become future leaders in academia, governmental, industrial, and NGOs, all former ream alumni achieved.