Smart Integrated Electric Motor Drives

电动机广泛应用于工业，特别是在运输系统中。它们大多由电力电子驱动器驱动。传统上，电力电子驱动和电动机被认为是两个独立的实体。最近的一个趋势是将电力电子驱动器集成在电动机外壳内。宽带隙（WBG）开关是实现这一趋势的关键部件。这可以显著减少驱动器的损耗。后者与电机的优化设计一起提高了机电转换系统的整体效率。事实上，这种持续的改进是由于新的材料和设计，更高性能的驱动器和更有效的控制硬件和算法。然而，制造缺陷以及老化或意外操作条件导致的退化和故障会影响电动机的性能。未来的电动机有望表现出更强的弹性和最好的性能。在这方面，学术界和工业界都出现了解决方案。该智能集成电机驱动研究项目旨在通过在高度集成的电机驱动中实现健康监测和容错，解决并加强未来电机的这种能力。尽管大多数应用都可以考虑更具弹性的电动机驱动概念，但电气化运输系统，特别是“更电动飞机”（MEA）和未来的全电动飞机的兴趣至关重要。这就是为什么这个项目的目标应用是航空运输。事实上，电传动力的概念是为了提高未来飞机的性能和可靠性而发展起来的。这种趋势被称为“更多的电动飞机”，这是飞机工业面临的主要挑战，飞机工业正在经历一场深入的革命，气动和液压子系统正在被电气子系统所取代。其目的是提高可靠性和推进效率，降低维护成本和环境影响。为了实现这一目标，飞机工业正在开发所需的电子、电气和机械部件，并寻找新的方法来保护和监控它们的整个使用寿命。集成电机驱动器非常符合提高效率的目标。但是，集成驱动器必须包含健康监测和容错等附加功能，才能在未来的飞机上广泛使用。这是该项目预期技术成果的核心。

Electric motors are widely used in industry and more particularly in transportation systems. They are mostly driven by power electronic drives. Traditionally, power electronic drives and electric motors are considered as two separated entities. A recent trend consists in integrating power electronic drives inside electric motors enclosure. Wide-bandgap (WBG) switches are the key components enabling this trend. This allows reducing significantly losses in the drive. This latter together with optimal design of the motor improves the overall efficiency of the electromechanical conversion system. Indeed, this constant improvement is due to new materials and designs, more performant drives and more effective control hardware and algorithms. However, manufacturing imperfectness as well as degradation and failures due to aging or unexpected operating conditions affect electric motor performances. Electric motors of the future are expected to show more resilient with the best performances possible. In this regard, solutions are emerging in both academia and industry. This research program on Smart Integrated Electric Motor Drives aims to address and reinforce this capability in electric motors of the future by enabling health-monitoring and fault-tolerance in highly integrated motor drives. Though the concept of more resilient electric motor drives can be considered for most of applications, the interest for electrified transportation systems and especially "more electric aircraft" (MEA) and future full electric aircraft is of paramount importance. It is why the target application in this program is air transportation. Indeed, the concept of power-by-wire is developed to improve the performance and reliability of future aircraft. This trend, known as "more electric aircraft" is the major challenge facing the aircraft industry which is undergoing an in-depth revolution where pneumatic and hydraulic subsystems are being replaced by electrical ones. The aim is to enhance reliability and propulsion efficiency and reduce maintenance costs and environmental impact. To get there, the aircraft industry is developing required electronic, electrical, and mechanical components, and looking at new means to protect and monitor them throughout their operating life. The integrated motor drives fit very well with the objective of increasing the efficiency. However, additional functions like health-monitoring and fault-tolerance must be included in the integrated drives to enable their wide use in future aircraft. This is the core of the expected technical outcomes of this program.