The puzzle of being social in space

社会行为几乎总是需要共享空间。对社会生物学家来说，空间混乱;对空间生态学家来说，社会聚合错误地重复数据。然而，社会性和空间使用是不可分割的。因此，占据空间关系到获得优质资源，同时平衡对这些资源的竞争，并利用动物集群来降低捕食风险。整合现有的理论框架，明确的空间，但隐含的社会-或相反-将允许我们获得新的推论。我们提出的研究计划有三个行动。在第一个，我们建议测试是否个别动物表现出灵活性，在精确的社会和空间行为，似乎与彼此的利益冲突，并随季节而变化。我们测试的灵活性，使用长期的遥测数据复制人群。其次，我们通过结合行为学和生物记录来进行更精细的推理。通过这些方法，我们实证检验了空间变异在资源质量和细尺度社会介导的栖息地选择中的竞争作用。我们将使用营养相关的元素比例分布模型，例如，碳：氮，以捕获资源质量。第三，使用全球数据和实验运动生态系统，我们提出并检验生产力-社会性梯度假说。该假说预测净初级生产力的时空变化是促进个体、种群和物种在社会网络衍生行为中变异的一种机制。该提案旨在证明，我已经将野生动物进化生态学实验室设计为一个包容，安全和热情的环境，其支持公平，多样性和包容性的积极行动继续帮助人们克服制度和纪律障碍，并将寻求公平的个人提升到我们学科中有影响力的职位。该提案将培训至少10名HQP，继续专注于发展卓越的研究和服务，并帮助人们实现他们的科学和与科学相关的宣传目标。多样化的方法：为了确保强大的推理，我们将使用多种方法来了解从实验操作到全局数据合成。应用影响：拟议的工作主要集中在保护和文化关注的社会物种，特别是我们的土著和机构合作伙伴（驯鹿）。在理论上有充分的基础，我们的工作努力将行为与对管理者和保护主义者有价值的指标联系起来，例如人口生命率。影响理论：我们的建议将提供深入了解在空间中的社会在生物组织的各个层面：个人，群体，种群和物种的难题。对社会空间界面的探究将提供关于在一个不断变化的世界中社会和空间表型之间协变的原因和后果的精确性。

Social behaviors almost invariably require sharing space. To sociobiologists space confounds and to spatial ecologists social aggregations falsely repeat data. However, sociality and space use are inseparable. Thus, occupying space relates at accessing quality resources while balancing competition for those resources and using the animal aggregations to decrease predation risk. Integrating existing theoretical frameworks that are explicitly spatial, but implicitly social - or the inverse - will permit us access to novel inferences. Our proposed research program has three actions. In the first, we propose to test whether individual animals exhibit flexibility in precise social and spatial behaviors that appear to conflict with one another's benefits and vary by season. We test for flexibility using long-term telemetry data on replicated populations. Second, we pivot to finer-scale inferences by combining ethology and biologging. With these methods, we empirically test the competing roles of spatial variation in resource quality and fine-scale socially-mediated habitat selection. We will use nutritionally relevant distribution models of elemental ratios, e.g., carbon:nitrogen, to capture resource quality. Third, using global data and an experimental movement ecology mesocosm, we propose and test the productivity-sociality gradient hypothesis. The hypothesis predicts spatial and temporal variation in net primary productivity is a mechanism that promotes individuals, populations, and species' variability in social network-derived behaviors. The proposal aims to demonstrate that I have designed the Wildlife Evolutionary Ecology Lab as an inclusive, safe, and welcoming environment whose positive actions in support of equity, diversity, and inclusivity continue to help people overcome institutional and disciplinary barriers and result in elevating equity-seeking individuals to impactful positions within our discipline. The proposal will train at least 10 more HQP, with continued focus on developing excellence in research and service, and helping people achieve their science and science-adjacent, advocacy goals. Diverse approaches: To ensure robust inferences we will use multiple ways of knowing from experimental manipulations to global data syntheses. IMPACT for Application: The proposed work predominantly focusses on social species of conservation and cultural concern, particularly to our Indigenous and agency partners (caribou). Well-grounded in theory, our work endeavors to link behaviors with metrics valuable to managers and conservationists, such as population vital rates. IMPACT for Theory: Our proposal will provide insights into the puzzle of being social in space across levels of biological organization: individuals, groups, populations, and species. Interrogating the social-spatial interface will provide precision about the causes and consequences of covariance between social and spatial phenotypes in a changing world.