Development of Innovative Connections for Shelf Angels Used in Wood-Framed Building

加拿大的大多数住宅都是用木结构建造的，木结构可以承重。砖饰面安装在木结构建筑的外表面，为木结构房屋提供砖饰面。砖饰面是许多房主的首选，因为它免维护，它提供了一个优雅的外观和良好的建筑围护结构绝缘介质。砖饰面还提供了更好的防雨、防风和防火功能。架角是安装在建筑物木框架上的c形钢构件，用于支撑砖贴面，并将砖贴面的荷载传递给木结构。架子角的安装需要安装称为通螺栓的钢紧固件，它需要穿过木框架进入建筑围护结构，形成热桥。这些热桥允许房屋的内部热量（冬季）和冷空气（夏季）逸出到外部大气中，因此，用于加热和冷却的大部分能量都损失了。这项NSERC研究将进行实验和数值（计算机模拟）研究，以开发安装架子角度的热效率连接。其目标是减少用于供暖和制冷的能源损失，并帮助加拿大实现到2050年实现净零能耗建筑和净零温室气体排放的目标。本研究将由两名硕士研究生执行，他们将在绿色砌体建筑和环境可持续建筑围护结构方面接受培训。这两名工程专业的学生将在温莎大学的S. Das博士和阿尔伯塔砌体委员会的M. Hagel博士的指导下工作。这些训练有素的高技能学生将能够弥补加拿大的技能差距。

The majority of residential houses in Canada are built with wood frames, which carries the loads. Brick veneer is installed on the outer surface of the wood building to provide a brick finish look for a wood-framed house. Brick veneer is a preferred choice by many homeowners because it is maintenance-free, and it offers an elegant appearance and a good insulation medium for the building envelope. Brick veneer also provides improved protection against rain, wind, and fire. Shelf angles are steel C-shaped members mounted on the wood frame of a building to support brick veneer and transfer the load of the brick veneer to the wood frame structure. Installation of shelf angles requires installation of steel fasteners called through bolts which need to pierce through the wood frame into the building envelope creating thermal bridges. These thermal bridges allow internal heat (in winter months) and cool air (in summer months) of the homes to escape to the outside atmosphere and thus, a large portion of the energy used for heating and cooling is lost. This NSERC research will undertake experimental and numerical (computer simulation) studies to develop thermally efficient connections for mounting shelf angles. The goal is to reduce the loss of energy used for heating and cooling our homes and help Canada in achieving the target of net-zero energy buildings and net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. This research will be executed by two master's students who will be trained in aspects of green masonry construction and environmentally sustainable building envelopes. These two engineering students will work under the supervision of Dr. S. Das at the University of Windsor and Dr. M. Hagel at Alberta Masonry Council. These highly trained and skilled students will be able to bridge the skills gap in Canada.