The Analysis of Planetary Surfaces

该提案将通过在行星科学任务中开发和部署仪器来发展关于行星表面的新知识。这一建议的详细目标是：1。参与开发和验证关于行星体的假设的任务，这种方式只能通过现场观测来实现。2.为未来的任务开发新的仪器和/或分析技术。在仪器和仪器概念的开发过程中，通过在相关环境中研究表面类似物来验证这些仪器和仪器概念。4.发展关于环境对天体材料的物理特性和测量这些材料的影响的知识体系。5.提供适用于行星科学的HQP仪器和分析技术培训，并可转移到其他研究领域和行业。为了实现这些长期目标，我们建议继续对OSIRIS-REx激光高度计（OLA）的数据进行改进、验证和分析。通过对这颗直径500米的小行星进行近30亿次单独测量，OLA使我们能够创建太阳系物体最详细的模型。在利用航天数据改进该模型的仪器校准方面已经付出了相当大的努力。本提案中概述的调查将在特派团支助合同结束时开始，并将为区域分析和对模型分辨率限制的定量了解提供资金，从而为科学分析可能的限制提供资金。仪器校准和数据保真度的进一步改进也是可能的结果。作为OLA的首席科学家，我已经领导这些活动十多年了，我有做这些工作所需的技能和背景知识。我们还将致力于开发分析技术和校准方法，用于对返回的OSIRIS-REx样品进行微热分析。作为第二个研究领域，一个对我们的HQP培训目标特别重要的领域，我们将继续我们的仪器和数据分析技术的发展，同时使用我们独特的行星表面环境模拟设施来了解环境对测量的影响。正在研究的技术包括拉曼光谱，时间分辨激光诱导荧光，激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS）和最近的激光烧蚀分子同位素光谱（LAMIS），它有望成为原位天体生物学研究和地质测年（地质年代学）的有用工具。实践技能和对实验设计和分析仪器的理解为学生灵活地转移到其他工业应用领域提供了背景。

This proposal will develop new knowledge of planetary surfaces through developing and deploying instruments on planetary science missions. This detailed objectives of this proposal are to: 1. Participate in missions to develop and validate hypotheses about planetary bodies in a manner that is only possible with in-situ observations. 2.Develop new instruments and/or analytical techniques for future missions 3.During the development of instruments and instrument concepts, validate these instruments and instrument concepts through the study of surface analogues in relevant environments. 4.Develop a body of knowledge about the effects of environment on the physical properties of astromaterials and on the measurement of these materials. 5.Provide a training in instrumentation and analytical techniques for HQP applicable to the planetary sciences and transferable to other research areas and industries. To accomplish these long-term objectives in the context of this proposal, we propose to continue our improvement, validation and analysis of the data from the OSIRIS-REx laser altimeter (OLA).  OLA has allowed us to create the most detailed model of any solar system object using almost 3 billion individual measurements of this 500m diameter asteroid.  Considerable effort has gone into improving instrument calibrations of this model using the spaceflight data.  The investigations outlined in this proposal will start when the mission-support contracts end and will provide funding for regional analyses and a quantitative understanding of the resolution limits of the model and, therefore, the limits of the scientific analyses possible..  Further improvements of the instrument calibration and data fidelity are also probable outcomes.  Having led these activities as the lead OLA scientist for more than a decade, I have the skills and background knowledge necessary to do this. We will also work to develop the analysis techniques and calibration approaches for our micro-thermal analysis of the returned OSIRIS-REx sample. As a second research area, one that is of particular importance to our HQP training goals, we will continue our instrument and data analysis technique development along with using our unique planetary surface environment simulation facilities to understand the environmental impacts on the measurements. The techniques under investigation include Raman spectroscopy, time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and, most recently, Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectroscopy (LAMIS) that promises to be a useful tool for in-situ astrobiological studies and geological dating (geochronology). The hands-on skills and understanding of experimental design and analytical instruments provide a background for students to flexibly move to other industrial application areas.