High-quality large area growth of 2D materials for device applications

固态器件是所有现代电子产品的支柱，如手机、电脑、电视和许多其他日常生活中使用的电子产品。像硅这样的无机材料已经被用作这些电子设备的半导体材料。人们正在寻找其他材料来延长速度和设备性能。硅具有共价键，而一组被称为二维（2D）材料的新材料在单层内具有共价键，但通过范德华力与其他层结合。由于原子的键合作用，这些二维材料相对容易获得厚度小于一纳米的单层。这些二维材料具有不同的特性，提供了一系列金属、半导体和绝缘体。因此，这些材料可以像乐高一样堆叠不同的材料，以获得新的性能。因此，这些材料可用于开发新的电子和光学器件。这些器件可用于各种各样的应用，从可包括光发射，检测，晶体管等的柔性电子器件。二维材料的主要挑战之一是用于可复制设备的高质量材料的大规模增长。该项目将利用脉冲激光沉积进行大规模的高质量二维材料的生长和电子器件的开发。

Solid state devices are the backbone of all the modern electronics like cell phones, computers, televisions, and many other electronics which are used in daily life. Materials like silicon which are inorganic have been used as the semiconductor material for devices which are used in these electronics. There is a quest for other materials which can extend the speed and the device properties. Silicon has covalent bonding whereas a set of new materials referred to as two dimensional (2D) materials have covalent bond within a monolayer but are bond to the other layers via Van der Waals forces. Obtaining monolayers which are less than a nanometer thick is relatively easy with these 2D materials due to the bonding of the atoms. These 2D materials have different properties offering an array of metal, semiconductors, and insulators. Hence, these materials can be stacked like Lego with different materials to obtain novel properties. Thus, these materials can be utilised for developing new electronic and optical devices. These devices can be used for a wide variety of applications ranging from flexible electronics which could include light emission, detection, transistors, etc. to name a few. One of the main challenges with the 2D materials has been large scale growth of high-quality material for reproducible devices. The project will used pulsed laser deposition for large are growth of high quality 2D materials and develop electronic devices.