Integrating transportation electrification into smart distribution systems with large-scale high-power fast charging stations

加拿大的运输业严重依赖石油，石油占总碳排放量的近30%。对全球变暖和天然气价格上涨的担忧是采用运输部门电气化的驱动因素，这涉及三种模式：1)陆上车辆、2)飞机和3)海上船只。尽管这种电气化带来了许多环境和经济利益，但该部门与现有高度紧张的电网基础设施的整合问题需要更好地管理配电系统资源，以避免停电、电能质量差和资产故障。到目前为止，考虑到将电气化运输部门整合到住宅和商业部门，很少有研究侧重于管理现有分配系统资源的运作以缓解上述问题。我之前成功的探索奖助金计划的重点是解决将插电式电动汽车整合到住宅部门的问题。当前应用中的研究重点是扩展分析，以纳入商业部门的大型大功率快速充电站(LS-HPFCS)的整合，这将以整体的方式解决这两个部门的充电对包括微电网和分布式可再生能源在内的智能配电系统的综合影响。因此，本提案旨在利用不同配置和拓扑的LS-HPFCS动态运行模型，并使用先进的时频信号处理工具来分析可能的电能质量扰动，从而进行一系列调查，以管理LS-HPFCS运行中产生的问题。此外，这项研究还将开发新的计算智能算法，以优化新兴配电系统资源的运行，特别是电池储能和创新的灵活分布式发电，以顺利整合LS-HPFCS，最终导致现有系统向智能配电系统的转变。这些调查除了减少老化电网资产的压力外，还将提高可靠性和电能质量，从而推迟提前更换基础设施，从而节省成本。此外，整合LS-HPFCS的成功管理将为整合其他交通电气化方式、减少碳足迹和更好地利用电网基础设施铺平道路。拟议的研究计划具有创新性和变革性，将为研究生提供特殊的机会，弥合智能电网相关领域的理论与实践之间的差距，从而解决该领域训练有素的毕业生和专业知识短缺的问题。

The Canadian transportation sector relies heavily on oil, which accounts for almost 30% of the total carbon emissions. Concerns regarding global warming and rising gas prices are drivers for adopting the electrification of the transportation sector, which involves three modes: 1) land-based vehicles, 2) aircraft and 3) sea-going vessels. Despite many environmental and economic benefits of such electrification, the integration issues of this sector with the existing highly stressed electric grid infrastructure needs better management of the distribution system resources to avoid power outages, poor power quality and asset failure. To date, little research has focused on managing the operation of the existing distribution system resources to mitigate the aforementioned issues considering the integration of the electrified transportation sector into both the residential and the commercial sectors. The focus of my pervious successful Discovery Grant program was to address the problems of integrating plug-in electric vehicles into the residential sector. The research in the current application is focused on extending the analysis to incorporate the integration of large-scale high-power fast charging stations (LS-HPFCS) in the commercial sector, which will address the combined effect of charging in both sectors on the smart distribution system including microgrids and distributed renewable energy resources, in a holistic manner. Hence, this proposal aims to conduct a series of investigations to manage the issues resulting from the operation of the LS-HPFCS using dynamic operational models of LS-HPFCS with different configurations and topologies and using advanced time-frequency signal processing tools to analyze possible power quality disturbances. In addition, this research will develop new computationally intelligent algorithms to optimize the operation of emerging distribution system resources, particularly battery energy storage and the innovative flexible distributed generation to smooth the integration of LS-HPFCS, which will eventually lead to the transformation of the existing system into a smart distribution system. These investigations will lead to improved reliability and power quality in addition to reducing the stress on the aging grid assets leading to deferral of premature infrastructure replacement and hence cost savings. Moreover, the successful management of integrating LS-HPFCS will pave the way towards a smooth transition in integrating the other modes of transportation electrification, reducing the carbon footprint and better utilizing the grid infrastructure. The proposed research program is innovative, transformative and will provide exceptional opportunities for graduate students to bridge the gaps between theory and practice in smart grid-related areas, hence addressing the shortage in trained graduates and expertise in this field.