Integrating emerging mobility infrastructure for connected, equitable and sustainable communities

具有交通服务的移动基础设施是宜居城市、偏远地区和农村地区的支柱。新兴的移动基础设施正在迅速发展，自动驾驶汽车、电动公交车、按需乘车和车辆共享等服务正在形成综合移动系统。这种整合彻底改变了传统的移动性，重塑了出行行为，并将不灵活的选择转变为更具活力和多式联运的服务，特别是对于偏远社区和受特定传统移动性服务（如公共交通或私家车）限制的代表性不足的群体。然而，目前尚不清楚效益的类型和价值，以及如何以经济有效的方式从新兴的城市和农村地区的移动基础设施中实现这些效益。自动驾驶汽车、共享出行和互联互通正在向我们走来，但迄今为止，这些方法还没有足够的理论、可操作的模型和长期指导来满足包容性的公共目标。该研究项目将开拓和发展理论和模型，并对其进行检验，以解释多模式交互，预测出行行为和乘客数量，并在战略、系统和战术层面上量化整合新兴移动基础设施的成本和收益。范式和应用的开发考虑了行为动力学、移动服务的内生相互关系、城乡特征和需求-供应相互作用，重点关注社区的连通性、公平性和可持续性。该项目包括三个主题研究：(1)行为与需求。出行行为、个人偏好和相互关联的出行基础设施中的出行特征。(2)供应和网络。考虑相互作用和多个目标的可扩展的全网供应优化框架。(3)激励与弹性。响应实时交通状况的动态激励设计。跨学科的方法将包括离散选择模型、用户均衡、混合整数非线性优化和帕累托改进。待开发和测试的概念、方法和解释将促进新兴移动基础设施的整合，为个人提供负担得起的旅行，为社区创造无缝的网络连接，并赋予决策过程权力，这将使旅行者、行业和整个社会受益。该项目将产生交通领域的理论模型、方法论见解和应用，为交通分析和建模的研究人员和利益相关者提供信息和深入的参考点。跨学科的研究将对行为学、运筹学、经济学和管理学等领域的理论和实证研究起到推动作用。

Mobility infrastructure with transportation services is the backbone in livable cities, remote and rural areas. Emerging mobility infrastructure is growing rapidly with services such as autonomous vehicles, electrical buses, on-demand ride-hailing and vehicle sharing, to form integrated mobility systems. Such integration revolutionizes conventional mobility, reshapes travel behaviors, and transforms inflexible options into more dynamic and multimodal services for travelers, especially for remote communities and underrepresented groups who are more constrained by specific traditional mobility service (e.g., transit or private car). However, it is unclear what types and values of benefits and how those benefits can be materialized from the emerging mobility infrastructure in a cost-efficient way for both urban and rural areas. Autonomous vehicles, shared mobility and connectivity are upon us, but the approaches to date do not yet have sufficient theory, tractable models and long-term guidance to satisfy inclusive public goals. The research program will pioneer and develop the theories and models, and examine them to explain the multimodal interactions, predict travel behavior and ridership, and quantify the costs and benefits for integrating emerging mobility infrastructure at strategic, systematic, and tactical levels. Paradigms and applications are developed considering behavioral dynamics, endogenous interrelationships of mobility services, urban-rural characteristics and demand-supply interactions with a focus on connectivity, equitability and sustainability of communities. The program consists of three thematic research: (1) Behavior and Demand. Travel behaviors, individual preferences and mobility characteristics in the interrelated mobility infrastructure. (2) Supply and Networks. A scalable framework of network-wide supply optimizations considering interactions and multiple objectives. (3) Incentivization and Resilience. Designs of dynamic incentives responding to real-time traffic conditions. Interdisciplinary approaches will include discrete choice models, user equilibrium, mixed-integer nonlinear optimizations, and Pareto improvements. The concepts, methodology and interpretations to be developed and tested will foster the integration of emerging mobility infrastructure to provide affordable travels for individuals, create seamless network connectivity for communities and empower decision making process, which will benefit travelers, sectors and society as a whole. The program will yield theoretical models, methodological insights and applications in the transportation field to provide an informative and in-depth point of reference for researchers and stakeholders in transportation analysis and modeling. The interdisciplinary research will advance the state-of-the-art and also contribute on the theories and empirical studies to the field of behaviors, operation research, economics and management science.