Northern Lakes as Sentinels of Environmental Changes

包括加拿大北部在内的高纬度寒冷地区的变暖速度是地球其他地区的两倍多，其中冬季变暖最快，这对北部淡水湖生态系统产生了重大影响。不断变化的冬季条件是北部湖泊面临的最大威胁之一，这些湖泊代表着巨大的淡水和生物多样性储备，并为当地社区提供关键的供应和文化生态系统服务。观测或数据不足，特别是在高纬度地区，是阻碍制定应对这一威胁的行动计划的一个主要问题。拟议的项目将利用遥感和耦合气候模式，缩小关于气候变暖下北部湖泊变化机制近期和目前趋势的知识和数据差距。我们的目标是建立一个湖泊表面-大气相互作用的耦合系统，以帮助提高对湖泊-冰-大气相互作用关键过程的认识。这将解决更详细的局部特征，并产生区域气候变化的未来预测，以提高我们对气候变化区域影响的估计，以便更好地决策。因此，我们将使用加拿大区域气候模式-欧洲海洋模拟核心（CRCM-NEMO）模式，将遥感数据与地面数据的获取结合起来。该项目将对寒冷地区湖泊表面-大气相互作用产生新的见解，并提供基线数据，以支持气候适应和减缓战略。该项目将汇集大学研究人员、政府科学家和dsamline社区，重点关注西北地区麦肯齐河流域的大熊湖（GBL）。2017年，教科文组织认可了dsamine在可持续发展方面的典范做法，指定dsamine区内的GBL及其流域为国际生物圈保护区。该项目将有助于建立一个全面的研究和监测项目，并提供基于科学的信息，以指导保护GBL盆地的生态和文化完整性。我们设想，GBL将成为可在整个北极地区应用的卫星算法校准和验证的关键参考站点。

High latitude cold regions, including northern areas of Canada, are warming more than twice as fast as the rest of the planet, with the greatest warming occurring during the winter, which significantly impact northern freshwater lake ecosystems. Changing winter conditions are among the greatest threats to northern lakes, which represent vast reserves of freshwater and biodiversity, and provide key provisioning and cultural ecosystem services to local communities. Inadequate observations or data, especially at high latitudes, is a major issue that hinder creating an action plan to address this threat. The proposed project will use remote sensing to narrow the knowledge and data gaps about the recent and ongoing trends in changing regimes of northern lakes under climate warming using remote sensing and a coupled climate model. We aim to work on a coupled system of lake surface-atmosphere interaction to help improving the understanding of key lake-ice-atmosphere interaction processes. This will resolve more detailed local features, and produce future projections of regional climate change to improve our estimation of the regional impacts of climate change for better decision-making. We will therefore combine remote sensing data with the acquisition of ground-based data using Canadian Regional Climate Model-Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (CRCM-NEMO) model. The project will generate new insights into lake surface-atmosphere interactions in cold regions and provide baseline data in support of climate adaptation and mitigation strategies. This project will bring together university researchers with government scientists and Déline communities, with a focus on Great Bear Lake (GBL) in the Mackenzie River Basin, Northwest Territories. In 2017, UNESCO recognized the Déline's exemplary approach to sustainable development by designating GBL and its watershed within the Déline District an international biosphere reserve. This project will contribute to a comprehensive research and monitoring program for the Tsá Tué biosphere reserve and yield science-based information to guide the preservation of the ecological and cultural integrity of the GBL basin. We envision that GBL will become a key reference site for the calibration and validation of satellite algorithms that can be applied across the Arctic.