Developing an Integrated Tool for Municipal Hazard and Risk Identification and Mitigation

应急管理传统上侧重于为特定地区的单一事件做准备。COVID-19大流行的出现，加上内乱事件和季节性自然灾害，迫使应急管理人员采取新的方法来应对多个同时发生的事件。虽然2019冠状病毒病大流行需要在季节性自然灾害事件期间采取新的社区疏散和重新安置方法，但它强调，灾害风险与社会经济和文化条件密切相关。社区易受传染的趋势突出了包括加拿大在内的许多国家区域之间和区域内的严重社会不平等。此外，社区有能力或没有能力应对的程度表明，风险、脆弱性和恢复力不是预先确定的条件，而是暴露于不同危险组合的社区所面临的许多因素的交叉点的构建。目前，加拿大没有一种工具可以为规划人员和应急管理人员提供自然、社会和建筑环境中危害和风险的综合可视化。CHaRIS——加拿大危害和风险信息系统——将提供一种创新的基于地图的统计分析工具，以帮助评估、可视化和交流加拿大不同程度的社区暴露和对危害和风险的脆弱性。该指数将向应急管理人员和公共政策决策者展示合作方法对可持续减少灾害风险的重要性，该方法将整合来自自然、社会和建筑环境的实时和档案数据，并提高对社区面临的风险的理解。

Emergency management has traditionally focused on preparing for single incidents within specific geographies. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, alongside incidents of civil unrest and seasonal natural disasters, has forced emergency managers to adopt new approaches for responding to multiple, concurrent events. While the COVID-19 pandemic required new methods for community evacuation and relocation during seasonal natural hazard events, it reinforced that disaster risk is strongly interwoven with socio-economic and cultural conditions. Trends of community vulnerability to contagion have highlighted serious social inequalities between and within regions of many countries, including in Canada. Furthermore, the extent to which communities have or have not been able to cope demonstrates that risk, vulnerability, and resilience are not predefined conditions, but rather are constructs of the intersections of many factors faced by communities exposed to combinations of different hazards. There is currently no single tool in Canada that provides planners and emergency managers with an integrated visualization of hazards and risks across the natural, social, and built environments.CHaRIS - The Canadian Hazard and Risk Information System - will provide an innovative map-based statistical analysis tool to help assess, visualize, and communicate different levels of community exposure and vulnerability to hazards and risk in Canada. This index will demonstrate to emergency managers and public policy decision-makers the importance of a cooperative approach to sustainable disaster risk reduction, incorporating real-time and archival data from the natural, social, and built environments, and improving understanding of the risks faced by communities.