Chronic and prolonged, time-course impact of exercise on homeostatic appetite control

正如“你不能跑过你的叉子”这句话所暗示的那样，人们通常认为运动后食欲和能量摄入会增加。有数据显示，长期运动对体重的影响微乎其微，这为运动后的能量补偿提供了证据。相反，大量研究表明，锻炼会导致食欲急剧下降。此外，调查运动补偿性能量摄入的研究未能显示能量摄入的增加与运动引起的能量消耗相等。通过运动减少食欲和保持体重之间存在差异的确切原因尚不清楚。我的研究项目旨在研究运动对食欲控制的长期和短期影响。通过动物模型，我的实验室将评估运动训练对食欲控制信号的慢性、独立于体重的影响。此外，鉴于肠道微生物群与肠道产生的饱腹感激素之间的联系，我的实验室将研究运动引起的肠道细菌变化是否与食欲控制信号的变化有关。由于大多数运动研究都是在运动后立即发生食欲变化，我的研究旨在通过一系列动物模型和人类参与者的研究，评估有氧运动和阻力运动对食欲调节激素和能量摄入的长期、时间过程影响。总之，拟议的研究将有助于增加我们对运动如何影响能量平衡方程中能量摄入的基本理解。随着对运动如何影响食欲的更好理解，这项工作将为未来的研究提供信息，旨在优化运动对代谢的益处。

As suggested by the phrase “you cannot outrun your fork”, it is generally understood that there is an increase in appetite and energy intake following exercise. Evidence for an energy compensation' following exercise is supported by data showing minimal changes in body weight with long-term exercise. In contrast, substantial research demonstrates that exercise leads to acute reductions in appetite. Moreover, research investigating compensatory energy intake with exercise fails to show an increase in energy intake equaling exercise-induced energy expenditure. The precise reason for the discrepancy between reduced appetite and maintained body weight with exercise remains poorly understood. My research program aims to examine both the long-term and short-term impacts of exercise on appetite control. Using an animal model, my lab will assess the chronic, weight independent impacts of exercise training on appetite control signals. Furthermore, given the link between gut microbiota and gut-derived satiety hormones, my lab will examine whether exercise-induced changes in gut bacteria are associated with changes in appetite control signaling. With most exercise studies examining the changes in appetite that occur in the immediate post-exercise period, my research aims to assess the prolonged, time-course impacts of aerobic and resistance exercise on appetite-regulating hormones and energy intake using a series of studies in an animal model and human participants. Together, the proposed studies will help to increase our fundamental understanding of how exercise impacts the energy intake' side of the energy balance equation. With a better understanding of how exercise affects appetite, this work will inform future research investigating strategies aimed at optimizing the metabolic benefits associated with exercise.