Quantum photonics devices for a quantum internet

量子互联网通常被认为是未来一代的网络，其中共享的量子信号使诸如连接到远程量子计算机的高度安全的通信和量子增强型计量学等应用成为可能。到目前为止，人们考虑了许多不同的物理方法来处理量子信息。虽然尚未确定哪个系统最适合领导量子信息革命，但很明显，光子将在量子设备之间的通信中发挥重要作用。我计划研究的基于光子的量子信息系统与量子通信、量子传感和成像以及基本的量子纠缠实验有关。我们将实施的拟议研究装置将在室外条件下进行测试和验证。HQP将有独特的机会进行与加拿大量子卫星任务有关的研究，这一任务被称为量子加密和科学卫星，甚至参与了与该卫星的一些实验试验，从而获得了尖端光学卫星技术的第一手经验。我提出的研究的核心主题是：-为我位于滑铁卢的研究地面站开发高度稳定和紧凑的光子产生和光子探测系统。这包括一个波长不对称的纠缠光子源，以及基于阵列设备的新型光子探测器，它可以提供单光子成像，但也可以提供光子数分辨率。这些设备将在户外进行测试和验证，如果可能，将展示地面网络和地面源与基于卫星的接收器节点的接口。-实施和研究适合于少数光子相互作用的强光学非线性，如光子波长传感器和光子预警。我计划研究几种材料，包括波导学和微光学光子学，如微环谐振器，使用强非线性光学材料。这些光子换能器将在量子通信网络中成为重要的推动者，包括转换~1550 nm波长的光子，对于地面到卫星链路中使用的~790 nm波长的光纤网络来说是最佳的。我还将研究光子预警方案，该方案可以实现长距离无漏洞的贝尔测试，对于具有设备独立性的高度安全的量子密钥分发非常有用。

The "Quantum Internet" is often considered the future generation of networking, where the shared quantum signals enable applications such as highly secure communications interfacing to remote quantum computers and quantum enhanced metrology. As of today, many different physical approaches are considered for quantum information. While it has yet to be determined which system is best suited to lead the quantum information revolution, it is clear that photons will play an important role in the communication between quantum devices. The photonic based quantum information systems that I plan to study are relevant to quantum communication, quantum sensing and imaging, and also fundamental quantum entanglement experiments. The proposed research devices we will implement will be tested and verified under outdoor conditions. The HQP will have the unique opportunity to perform research related to the Canadian quantum satellite mission called "Quantum Encryption and Science Satellite", and even participate in some of the experiment trials with the satellite, thereby gaining first hand experience in cutting edge optical satellite technology. The core themes of my proposed research are: - To work on highly stable and compact systems for the photon generation and photon detection for my research ground station located at Waterloo. This includes an entangled photon source with asymmetric wavelengths, and novel photon detectors based on array devices which could offer single-photon imaging but also photon number resolution.  These devices will be tested and verified outdoors, and if possible, will demonstrate interfacing a ground networks and ground based sources with the satellite based receiver node. - To implement and study strong optical nonlinearities suitable for few photon interactions, such as photon wavelength transducers and photon heralding. I plan to study several materials including waveguides, and micro-optical photonics such as micro-ring resonators, using strong nonlinear optic materials. These photon transducers will be important enablers in quantum communication networks including translating photons from the ~1550 nm wavelength optimal for fibre-optic networks with the ~790nm nm wavelength used in the ground to satellite link. I will also study photon heralding schemes which could enable loophole free Bell-tests over large distances, useful for highly secure quantum key distribution with device independence.