Molecular detection of cranberry fruit rot fungi and fungicide resistance management

全球蔓越莓经济由14个国家开展。全球大约30%的产量来自加拿大，其中魁省和不列颠哥伦比亚省的产量占95%。蔓越莓果腐病（CFR）是一种由12种真菌复合引起的病害。这种疾病可造成高达100%的生产损失，导致严重的经济损失。杀菌剂的应用主要用于疾病防治。由于这些方法对生物多样性以及公众和环境健康的负面影响，需要采取更经济和环境友好的方法来控制CFR的影响。该项目将提供第一个精确的、最新的和大规模的描述，包括在加拿大所有主要产区引起蔓越莓生产CFR的真菌物种的组成、分布、进化和程度，因为它也涉及到美国的边境州。结果将基于蔓越莓田间发生的发育病害模式，给出气候变化下CFR动态的预测趋势。就在几个月前，这种规模的方法是不可想象的，直到我们的团队开发了一种创新的分子测试，可以同时识别所有12种引起CFR的真菌。这一突破为合作伙伴提供了一个前所未有的窗口，可以了解蔓越莓生产中最受限制的因素之一，以及制定有针对性的管理策略以实施综合控制方法的工具。

The worldwide cranberry economy is carried out by 14 countries. Approximately 30% of the global production comes from Canada alone where Québec and British Columbia represent 95% of the production. The most prejudicial disease to this production is cranberry fruit rot (CFR) caused by a complex of 12 fungal species. This disease complex can cause as much as 100% loss of production, leading to severe economic losses. Applications of fungicides are mainly used for disease control. Owing to the negative effects of these methods on biodiversity and public and environmental health, more economic and environmentally-friendly approaches are required to control the impact of CFR. This project will provide the first precise, up-to-date and large-scale description of the composition, distribution, evolution and extent of fungal species causing CFR in cranberry production in all major growing areas in Canada as it also relates to bordering states in the USA. The results will give predictive trends of CFR dynamic owing to climate change based on development disease patterns occurring in cranberry fields. An approach of this magnitude was inconceivable as recently as a few months ago until the development of an innovative molecular test by our team to simultaneously identify all 12 fungi causing CFR. This breakthrough offers partners an unprecedented window into one of the most limiting factors of cranberry production along with tools to develop targeted management strategies to implement integrated control approaches.