Networks underlying social cognition in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) investigated with functional magnetic resonance imaging

新大陆常见的绒猴(Callithrix Jacchus)正迅速流行起来，作为对规范的旧大陆灵长类(即猕猴)和啮齿动物模型(即大鼠和小鼠)的有力补充，用于在健康和疾病状态下对人脑进行临床前建模。绒猴迅速的性成熟，较低的出生间隔，以及常规观察到的嵌合双胞胎，使其成为转基因灵长类动物模型的主要候选者。无脑(光滑)的绒猴皮质也为层流电生理记录和光学成像提供了机会。由于额叶皮质发育良好，它们的亲社会行为，以及创造转基因绒猴的可行性，绒猴作为社会认知的非人类灵长类模型具有巨大的前景。我的NSERC资助的研究项目的长期目标是促进我们对灵长类社会认知的神经基础的基本理解。我未来5年的短期目标是使用9.4特斯拉的超高场fMRI在清醒的猕猴身上：(1)使用基于任务的fMRI来识别绒猴镜像系统(2)使用基于任务的fMRI来识别绒猴的物理和社会互动分析网络(3)使用电影驱动的fMRI来识别支持社会认知的神经网络我们的假设是，恒河猴的社会认知网络遵循与猕猴相似的组织原理，并且恒河猴拥有专门的大脑电路，用于理解行为和社会互动。这些研究将为恒河猴的侵入性记录、操作和失活技术提供基础。这些数据还将对现有的人类和猕猴神经成像数据做出实质性贡献，这些数据有望改变跨物种的比较神经科学。

The New World common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is rapidly becoming popular as a powerful complement to canonical Old World primate (i.e., macaques) and rodent models (i.e., rats and mice) for preclinical modeling of the human brain in healthy and diseased states. The marmoset's fast sexual maturation, low inter-birth interval, and routinely observed chimeric twinning make it the leading candidate for transgenic primate models. The lissencephalic (smooth) marmoset cortex also offers the opportunity for laminar electrophysiological recordings and optical imaging. Owing to a well-developed frontal cortex, their prosocial behaviour, and the feasibility of creating transgenic marmosets, the marmoset holds tremendous promise as a nonhuman primate model for social cognition. The long-term goal of my NSERC funded research program is to advance our fundamental understanding of the neural basis of social cognition in primates. My short-term objectives for the next 5 years are to use ultra-high field fMRI at 9.4 Tesla in awake marmosets to: (1) Identify the marmoset mirror system using task-based fMRI (2) Identify the marmoset physical and social interaction analysis network using task-based fMRI (3) Use movie-driven fMRI to identify neural networks underling social cognition Our hypothesis is that social cognition networks in marmosets follow similar organization principles as in macaques and that marmosets possess dedicated brain circuits serving understanding of actions and social interactions. These studies will provide the foundation for invasive recording, manipulation, and inactivation techniques in marmosets. The data will also make substantial contributions to already existing neuroimaging data from humans and macaque monkeys that promises to transform cross-species comparative neuroscience.