Prevalence of and risk factors for substance use among perinatally human immunodeficiency virus-infected and perinatally exposed but uninfected youth.

Prevalence of and risk factors for substance use among perinatally human immunodeficiency virus-infected and perinatally exposed but uninfected youth.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.09.003
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发表时间:
2014-03
期刊:
The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Moscicki AB
Moscicki AB
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alperen J;Brummel S;Tassiopoulos K;Mellins CA;Kacanek D;Smith R;Seage GR 3rd;Moscicki AB

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本研究调查了围产期 HIV 感染者 (PHIV+) 和围产期接触未感染者 (PHEU) 青少年中与近期物质使用 (SU) 相关的危险因素,并将 SU 终生流行率与美国 (US) 青少年一般人群进行比较。我们对 2007 年至 2009 年间参加美国多中心前瞻性队列研究的 511 名 PHIV+ 和 PHEU 青少年(进入研究时的平均年龄 13.2 岁,51% 女性,69% PHIV+,72% 非洲裔美国人)进行了横断面和纵向分析。 SU 数据通过音频计算机辅助自我访谈收集。青少年危险行为监测系统和监测未来数据用于将 SU 终生患病率与美国样本进行比较。围产期艾滋病毒感染并不是饮酒或吸食大麻的具有统计学意义的危险因素。 PHIV+青少年饮酒的危险因素包括更严重的情绪和行为问题以及看护者/其他人在家中使用酒精和大麻。 PHIV+青少年吸食大麻的危险因素包括在家中吸食大麻、行为问题严重程度较高以及生活压力事件。 PHEU 青少年中类似的 SU 风险因素包括在家中的 SU 以及更严重的行为和情绪问题。按年龄划分的 SU 总终生患病率与全国调查中的相似。尽管 PHIV+ 和 PHEU 青少年的 SU 终生患病率和危险因素与国家标准相似,但对 PHIV+ 青少年的负面影响可能更大。预防工作应在开始 SU 之前就开始,并解决家庭和社会环境以及青少年的心理健康状况。
This study examines risk factors associated with recent substance use (SU) among perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) and perinatally exposed, uninfected (PHEU) youth and compares SU lifetime prevalence with the general population of United States (US) adolescents. We conducted cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of 511 PHIV+ and PHEU youth (mean age at study entry 13.2 years, 51% female, 69% PHIV+, 72% African American) enrolled in a US multi-site prospective cohort study between 2007–2009. SU data were collected by audio computer-assisted self interview. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System and Monitoring the Future data were used to compare SU lifetime prevalence to US samples. Perinatal HIV infection was not a statistically significant risk factor for alcohol or marijuana use. Risk factors for alcohol use among PHIV+ youth included higher severity of emotional and conduct problems and alcohol and marijuana use in the home by the caregiver/others. Risk factors for marijuana use among PHIV+ youth included marijuana use in the home, higher severity of conduct problems, and stressful life events. Similar SU risk factors among PHEU youth included SU in the home and higher severity of conduct and emotional problems. Overall lifetime prevalence of SU by age was similar to that in national surveys. Although SU lifetime prevalence and risk factors for PHIV+ and PHEU adolescents were similar to national norms, the negative consequences are potentially greater for PHIV+ youth. Prevention efforts should begin before SU initiation and address the family and social environment and youth mental health status.
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