Revisiting cannabinoid receptor 2 expression and function in murine retina.

Revisiting cannabinoid receptor 2 expression and function in murine retina.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.08.007
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发表时间:
2018-10
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Straiker A
Straiker A
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Borowska-Fielding J;Murataeva N;Smith B;Szczesniak AM;Leishman E;Daily L;Toguri JT;Hillard CJ;Romero J;Bradshaw H;Kelly MEM;Straiker A

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大麻素受体 CB2 在免疫功能调节中发挥着重要作用,而神经元表达仍然是争论的焦点。多项研究描述了视网膜中的 CB2,最近的一项研究表明 CB2 缺失改变了视网膜视觉处理。我们使用免疫组织化学和最近开发的 CB2-eGFP 报告小鼠重新审视了 CB2 表达。我们研究了急性与长期 CB2 失活对视网膜电图 (ERG) 反应的影响。我们还使用 Scholl 分析检查了 CB2 敲除小鼠的脂质组学和小胶质细胞的潜在变化。与已发表的报告一致,在 CB2 受体敲除小鼠中,ERG 暗视 a 波增加,并且在暗适应视锥细胞驱动的 ON 双极细胞中出现更强的反应,并且在光适应早期视锥细胞驱动的 ON 双极细胞中反应更强烈。然而,值得注意的是,用 CB2 拮抗剂 AM630 进行的急性阻滞并不能模拟在 CB2 敲除小鼠中观察到的结果,而慢性(7 天)阻滞则可以。免疫组织化学研究表明,在非病理条件下,视网膜中不存在 CB2,即使使用已发表的抗体也是如此。视网膜 CB2-eGFP 报告信号在基线条件下最小,但通过眼内注射 LPS 或角叉菜胶而上调。 CB2 基因敲除小鼠的大麻素相关脂质广谱略有下降。小胶质细胞的数量和形态没有改变。总之,在健康视网膜中观察到最低限度的 CB2 表达。 CB2 在病理条件下似乎上调。先前报道的 CB2 缺失的功能后果是对这些受体长期阻断的适应性反应。因此,CB2 会影响视网膜信号传导,但可能是间接的、潜在的眼外方式。
The cannabinoid receptor CB2 plays a significant role in the regulation of immune function whereas neuronal expression remains a subject of contention. Multiple studies have described CB2 in retina and a recent study showed that CB2 deletion altered retinal visual processing. We revisited CB2 expression using immunohistochemistry and a recently developed CB2-eGFP reporter mouse. We examined the consequence of acute vs. prolonged CB2 deactivation on the electroretinogram (ERG) responses. We also examined lipidomics in CB2 knockout mice and potential changes in microglia using Scholl analysis. Consistent with a published report, in CB2 receptor knockout mice see an increased ERG scotopic a-wave, as well as stronger responses in dark adapted cone-driven ON bipolar cells and, to a lesser extent cone-driven ON bipolar cells early in light adaptation. Significantly, however, acute block with CB2 antagonist, AM630, did not mimic the results observed in the CB2 knockout mice whereas chronic (7 days) block did. Immunohistochemical studies show no CB2 in retina under non-pathological conditions, even with published antibodies. Retinal CB2–eGFP reporter signal is minimal under baseline conditions but upregulated by intraocular injection of either LPS or carrageenan. CB2 knockout mice see modest declines in a broad spectrum of cannabinoid-related lipids. The numbers and morphology of microglia were unaltered. In summary minimal CB2 expression is seen in healthy retina. CB2 appears to be upregulated under pathological conditions. Previously reported functional consequences of CB2 deletion are an adaptive response to prolonged blockade of these receptors. CB2 therefore impacts retinal signaling but perhaps in an indirect, potentially extra-ocular fashion.
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