Modelling and analysis of oil import tariff and stockpile policies for coping with supply disruptions

Modelling and analysis of oil import tariff and stockpile policies for coping with supply disruptions
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应对供应中断的石油进口关税和库存政策的建模和分析

DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.12.036
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发表时间:
2012-09
期刊:
影响因子:
11.2
通讯作者:
Zhou, P.
Zhou, P.
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bai, Y.;Zhou, D. Q.;Zhou, P.

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石油供应中断可能造成的经济损失可以通过应急准备和应对措施加以抑制。石油进口关税和战略石油储备是缓解短期石油供需失衡的两种最可行的应对措施。本文建立了一个两阶段模型,探讨中国的最优关税税率和库存规模。我们的目标是尽量减少与供应中断相关的潜在社会福利损失和宏观经济损失,以及政策成本。在一个有代表性的数值案例中,我们发现中国的最优关税税率为3.8美元/桶,库存规模为2.194亿桶。与现行的关税和库存政策相比,建议提高关税税率和降低库存规模。此外,通过研究政策在中断期间的净效益,我们的结果表明,关税库存政策的最佳实施,而不是单一的关税或库存政策的利益最大。
The potential economic damages from oil supply disruptions could be suppressed by emergency preparedness and response measures. As two of the most feasible response measures, oil import tariff and strategic petroleum reserve (SPR) could alleviate short-run oil supply and demand imbalance situations. This study develops a two period model to explore China’s optimal tariff rate and stockpiling size. Our objective is to minimize potential social welfare loss and macroeconomic loss associated with supply disruptions, as well as the policy cost. In a representative numerical case, we find China’s optimal tariff rate is $3.8/bbl and stockpiling size is 219.4million barrels. Higher tariff rate and lower stockpiling size are recommended contrast with current tariff and stockpiling policy. Additionally, by examining the net benefit of policy during a disruption, our result shows that the optimal implementation of tariff–stockpiling policy benefits most rather than single tariff or stockpiling policy does.
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