Central Respiration and Mechanical Ventilation in the Gating of Swallow With Breathing.
Central Respiration and Mechanical Ventilation in the Gating of Swallow With Breathing.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2018.00785
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Gestreau C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horton KK;Segers LS;Nuding SC;O'Connor R;Alencar PA;Davenport PW;Bolser DC;Pitts T;Lindsey BG;Morris KF;Gestreau C
吞咽-呼吸协调保护下呼吸道，使其在通过咽部进入食道时不被气管吸入。呼吸消化道的共享肌肉或结构的运动受损，或脑干吞咽和呼吸中枢模式发生器(CPGs)的相互作用中断，导致吞咽困难。为了最大限度地保护下呼吸道，这些CPG整合了呼吸节律产生信号和迷走神经传入反馈，以同步吞咽和呼吸。尽管进行了广泛的研究，但中枢呼吸活动和来自肺的迷走神经反馈作为有效的吞咽呼吸协调的关键因素的作用仍然不清楚。在去大脑、瘫痪和人工呼吸的猫上，研究了改变支气管肺迷走神经传入的时机对电刺激喉上神经或咽腔内注水触发的燕子的影响。我们观察到两种类型的单口燕子在所有条件下对中枢呼吸节律产生不同的影响：吸气后型燕子扰乱中心吸气活动而不影响呼气，而呼气型吞咽延长呼气不影响中心吸气活动。在呼吸暂停期间观察到的重复的燕子重置了中枢呼吸的E2阶段，并产生了吞咽运动输出神经爆发持续时间的易化。此外，吞咽的启动被迷走神经反馈负性调节，并被肺充气重置。总之，这些发现支持了一种新的模型，即吞咽CPG和呼吸CPG的吸气或呼气细胞之间的相互抑制，其中肺扩张和中枢呼吸活动的不同阶段代表了吞咽呼吸协调的双重外周和中枢门控机制。
Swallow-breathing coordination safeguards the lower airways from tracheal aspiration of bolus material as it moves through the pharynx into the esophagus. Impaired movements of the shared muscles or structures of the aerodigestive tract, or disruptions in the interaction of brainstem swallow and respiratory central pattern generators (CPGs) result in dysphagia. To maximize lower airway protection these CPGs integrate respiratory rhythm generation signals and vagal afferent feedback to synchronize swallow with breathing. Despite extensive study, the roles of central respiratory activity and vagal feedback from the lungs as key elements for effective swallow-breathing coordination remain unclear. The effect of altered timing of bronchopulmonary vagal afferent input on swallows triggered during electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerves or by injection of water into the pharyngeal cavity was studied in decerebrate, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated cats. We observed two types of single swallows that produced distinct effects on central respiratory-rhythm across all conditions: post-inspiratory type swallows disrupted central-inspiratory activity without affecting expiration, whereas expiratory type swallows prolonged expiration without affecting central-inspiratory activity. Repetitive swallows observed during apnea reset the E2 phase of central respiration and produced facilitation of swallow motor output nerve burst durations. Moreover, swallow initiation was negatively modulated by vagal feedback and was reset by lung inflation. Collectively, these findings support a novel model of reciprocal inhibition between the swallow CPG and inspiratory or expiratory cells of the respiratory CPG where lung distension and phases of central respiratory activity represent a dual peripheral and central gating mechanism of swallow-breathing coordination.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Bonis, J. M.;Neumueller, S. E.;Krause, K. L.;Pan, L. G.;Hodges, M. R.;Forster, H. V.
通讯作者：
Forster, H. V.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Ezure, K;Tanaka, I;Otake, K
通讯作者：
Otake, K
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
DICK, TE;OKU, Y;CHERNIACK, NS
通讯作者：
CHERNIACK, NS
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Bolser, Donald C.;Poliacek, Ivan;Davenport, Paul W.
通讯作者：
Davenport, Paul W.
DOI：
10.1016/s0034-5687(00)00121-3
发表时间：
2000-07-01
期刊：
RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dick, TE;Coles, SK
通讯作者：
Coles, SK