Hydraulic fracturing and infant health: New evidence from Pennsylvania.
Hydraulic fracturing and infant health: New evidence from Pennsylvania.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1603021
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Meckel K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Currie J;Greenstone M;Meckel K
本文调查了水力压裂对婴儿健康的影响。水力压裂（“压裂”）的发展被认为是过去半个世纪以来全球能源生产系统的最大变化。然而，一些社区已经禁止水力压裂，因为对这一过程对人类健康的影响尚未解决的担忧。为了评估水力压裂的潜在健康影响，我们分析了2004年至2013年宾夕法尼亚州超过110万例出生的记录，比较了居住在离活跃水力压裂地点不同距离的母亲所生的婴儿，以及在每个地点开始水力压裂之前和之后出生的婴儿。我们通过比较在子宫内暴露于和未暴露于压裂部位的兄弟姐妹，调整了婴儿健康的固定母体决定因素。我们发现了子宫内暴露于距母亲住所3公里内的水力压裂场地的负面健康影响的证据，其中子宫内暴露于水力压裂场地1公里内的健康影响最大。对健康的负面影响包括出生体重不足婴儿的发生率增加，以及平均出生体重和其他几项婴儿健康指标大幅下降。几乎没有证据表明在3公里以外的距离对健康产生影响，这表明水力压裂对健康的影响是高度局部的。非正式的估计表明，美国每年近400万例分娩中约有29，000例发生在活动水力压裂场地1公里范围内，因此这些分娩可能面临更高的不良出生结果风险。
This article investigates the effects of hydraulic fracturing on infant health. The development of hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) is considered the biggest change to the global energy production system in the last half-century. However, several communities have banned fracking because of unresolved concerns about the impact of this process on human health. To evaluate the potential health impacts of fracking, we analyzed records of more than 1.1 million births in Pennsylvania from 2004 to 2013, comparing infants born to mothers living at different distances from active fracking sites and those born both before and after fracking was initiated at each site. We adjusted for fixed maternal determinants of infant health by comparing siblings who were and were not exposed to fracking sites in utero. We found evidence for negative health effects of in utero exposure to fracking sites within 3 km of a mother’s residence, with the largest health impacts seen for in utero exposure within 1 km of fracking sites. Negative health impacts include a greater incidence of low–birth weight babies as well as significant declines in average birth weight and in several other measures of infant health. There is little evidence for health effects at distances beyond 3 km, suggesting that health impacts of fracking are highly local. Informal estimates suggest that about 29,000 of the nearly 4 million annual U.S. births occur within 1 km of an active fracking site and that these births therefore may be at higher risk of poor birth outcomes.
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DOI：
10.2190/ns.22.1.e
发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Bamberger, Michelle;Oswald, Robert E.
通讯作者：
Oswald, Robert E.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Currie, Janet;Neidell, Matthew;Schmieder, Johannes F.
通讯作者：
Schmieder, Johannes F.
DOI：
10.1097/ede.0000000000000387
发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Casey JA;Savitz DA;Rasmussen SG;Ogburn EL;Pollak J;Mercer DG;Schwartz BS
通讯作者：
Schwartz BS
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
McKenzie LM;Guo R;Witter RZ;Savitz DA;Newman LS;Adgate JL
通讯作者：
Adgate JL
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Kling, Jeffrey R.;Liebman, Jeffrey B.;Katz, Lawrence F.
通讯作者：
Katz, Lawrence F.