Pathobiology and potential therapeutic value of intestinal short-chain fatty acids in gut inflammation and obesity.
Pathobiology and potential therapeutic value of intestinal short-chain fatty acids in gut inflammation and obesity.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10620-013-2744-4
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Kaunitz, Jonathan D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soldavini, Jessica;Kaunitz, Jonathan D.
胃肠道的内腔含有许多由食物分解产生的物质，来自唾液、食管、肠、肝和胰腺分泌物，以及来自胃肠道内腔中存在的脱落细胞。虽然这些物质传统上被视为废物，但人们越来越认识到，许多物质可以具有生物活性，可以作为信号化合物或营养素。例如，蛋白质被分解成氨基酸，然后被营养受体感知。在回盲部中丰度最高的肠道微生物组具有强大的代谢活性，将未吸收的碳水化合物、蛋白质和其他摄入的营养物质消化和分解成酚、胺、挥发性有机化合物、甲烷、二氧化碳、氢气和硫化氢，转化成挥发性脂肪酸，也称为短链脂肪酸（SCFA）。这些物质是本次审查的主题。在这篇综述中，我们将简要讨论最近的进展，了解SCFA的生产，信号传导和吸收，然后详细描述和讨论的试验SCFA，益生菌和益生元在治疗胃肠道疾病，特别是溃疡性结肠炎（UC），结肠袋炎，短肠综合征和肥胖症。
The lumen of the gastrointestinal tract contains many substances produced from the breakdown of foodstuffs, from salivary, esophageal, intestinal, hepatic, and pancreatic secretions, and from sloughed cells present in the gastrointestinal lumen. Although these substances were traditionally regarded as waste products, there is increasing realization that many can be biologically active, either as signalling compounds or as nutrients. For example, proteins are broken down into amino acids, which are then sensed by nutrient receptors. The gut microbiome, which is at highest abundance in the ileocecum, has powerful metabolic activity, digesting and breaking down unabsorbed carbohydrates, proteins, and other ingested nutrients into phenols, amines, volatile organic compounds, methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and hydrogen sulfide into volatile fatty acids, also called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These latter substances are the topic of this review. In this review, we will briefly discuss recent advances in the understanding SCFA production, signalling, and absorption, followed by a detailed description and discussion of trials of SCFAs, probiotics, and prebiotics in the treatment of gastrointestinal disease, in particular ulcerative colitis (UC), pouchitis, short bowel syndrome, and obesity.
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影响因子：
7.1
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