Human Brown Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Health: Potential for Therapeutic Avenues.
Human Brown Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Health: Potential for Therapeutic Avenues.
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人类棕色脂肪组织和代谢健康：治疗途径的潜力。
DOI：
10.3390/cells10113030
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发表时间：
2021-11-05
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Pervin S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Singh R;Barrios A;Dirakvand G;Pervin S
肥胖相关的代谢异常包括一系列疾病，包括血脂异常、胰岛素抵抗、糖尿病和心血管疾病，全球有超过6.5亿人受到这些疾病的影响。肥胖主要是由于能量摄入和能量消耗的长期不平衡造成白色脂肪组织的积累。治疗或预防肥胖症的各种方法，包括生活方式干预、外科减肥程序和减少能量摄入和增加能量消耗的药物方法，都未能大幅降低肥胖率。棕色脂肪组织(BAT)是婴儿和小型哺乳动物产热的主要来源，通过线粒体解偶联蛋白1(UCP1)介导的非颤抖产热促进能量消耗，有望成为治疗肥胖症的有效靶点。自从大约10年前几个小组证实BAT在成人中具有功能性，并与其良好的代谢表型相关以来，科学界对BAT在成人生理和代谢健康中的意义产生了浓厚的兴趣，以探索其治疗肥胖症和代谢性疾病的潜力。肥胖者体内BAT活性的显著降低表明BAT在人类肥胖的环境中发挥了作用。另一方面，蝙蝠的体重及其患病率与较低的身体质量指数(BMI)、较低的年龄和较低的血糖水平相关，从而导致较低的心脏代谢疾病发生率。在患有无法检测到BAT的成年人中，寒冷暴露的增加与身体脂肪质量的减少和胰岛素敏感性的增加有关。深入了解BAT在人类代谢健康中的作用及其与体内脂肪分布的相互关系，并破译适当的策略，通过增加功能性BAT质量或诱导白色脂肪褐变来增加能量消耗，有望为肥胖症和相关代谢疾病的治疗提供可能的治疗途径。
Obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities comprise a cluster of conditions including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases that has affected more than 650 million people all over the globe. Obesity results from the accumulation of white adipose tissues mainly due to the chronic imbalance of energy intake and energy expenditure. A variety of approaches to treat or prevent obesity, including lifestyle interventions, surgical weight loss procedures and pharmacological approaches to reduce energy intake and increase energy expenditure have failed to substantially decrease the prevalence of obesity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), the primary source of thermogenesis in infants and small mammals may represent a promising therapeutic target to treat obesity by promoting energy expenditure through non-shivering thermogenesis mediated by mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Since the confirmation of functional BAT in adult humans by several groups, approximately a decade ago, and its association with a favorable metabolic phenotype, intense interest on the significance of BAT in adult human physiology and metabolic health has emerged within the scientific community to explore its therapeutic potential for the treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases. A substantially decreased BAT activity in individuals with obesity indicates a role for BAT in the setting of human obesity. On the other hand, BAT mass and its prevalence correlate with lower body mass index (BMI), decreased age and lower glucose levels, leading to a lower incidence of cardio-metabolic diseases. The increased cold exposure in adult humans with undetectable BAT was associated with decreased body fat mass and increased insulin sensitivity. A deeper understanding of the role of BAT in human metabolic health and its interrelationship with body fat distribution and deciphering proper strategies to increase energy expenditure, by either increasing functional BAT mass or inducing white adipose browning, holds the promise for possible therapeutic avenues for the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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