Electrophysiological distinctions between recognition memory with and without awareness.
Electrophysiological distinctions between recognition memory with and without awareness.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.12.012
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发表时间：
2013-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ally BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ko PC;Duda B;Hussey EP;Ally BA
内隐记忆表征对外显再认的影响可能有助于解释在高不确定性下做出准确再认决定的情况。在识别任务中，内隐记忆可能会提高测试项目的流畅性，使决策过程偏向于将其认可为“旧的”。这个模型可能有助于解释识别而不识别，这是一种显著的现象，即参与者在无法识别测试项目的情况下做出高度准确的识别决定。目前的研究调查了对图片进行识别而不进行识别是否会引起与其他类型的在不确定性情况下做出的准确识别决定类似的神经活动模式。此外，本研究还考察了是否可以通过使用记忆中的知觉和概念信息来实现对图片的无识别识别。为了做到这一点，参与者学习图片，然后在困难的观看条件下执行识别任务，同时记录事件相关电位(ERPs)。行为结果表明，即使在无法识别测试项目的情况下，识别也是高度准确的，这表明在没有识别的情况下进行了识别。行为表现还表明，无识别的再认是由知觉信息和概念信息共同调节的，相互独立。事件相关电位的结果显示，在早期的300到500毫秒的时间段内，被研究的已识别项目与未被研究的未被识别项目的记忆相关活动显著不同。与以前强调在没有提取意识的情况下进行准确识别的工作类似，未被识别但正确地被批注为“旧的”的测试项目会引起负面的后验旧/新效应(即N300)。相反，被识别并被正确认可为“旧的”的测试项目，会引起典型的正面新旧效应(即FN400)。重要的是，这两种效应都是在参与者使用知觉信息做出识别决定的条件下产生的。概念性信息引起的事件相关电位与知觉信息有很大不同，这表明即使在没有记忆提取意识的情况下，丰富的图片信息也可以引起多种途径的再认。这些结果是在当前关于N300和FN400的理论的背景下讨论的。
The influence of implicit memory representations on explicit recognition may help to explain cases of accurate recognition decisions made with high uncertainty. During a recognition task, implicit memory may enhance the fluency of a test item, biasing decision processes to endorse it as “old”. This model may help explain recognition-without-identification, a remarkable phenomenon in which participants make highly accurate recognition decisions despite the inability to identify the test item. The current study investigated whether recognition-without-identification for pictures elicits a similar pattern of neural activity as other types of accurate recognition decisions made with uncertainty. Further, this study also examined whether recognition-without-identification for pictures could be attained by the use of perceptual and conceptual information from memory. To accomplish this, participants studied pictures and then performed a recognition task under difficult viewing conditions while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. Behavioral results showed that recognition was highly accurate even when test items could not be identified, demonstrating recognition-without identification. The behavioral performance also indicated that recognition-without-identification was mediated by both perceptual and conceptual information, independently of one another. The ERP results showed dramatically different memory related activity during the early 300 to 500 ms epoch for identified items that were studied compared to unidentified items that were studied. Similar to previous work highlighting accurate recognition without retrieval awareness, test items that were not identified, but correctly endorsed as “old,” elicited a negative posterior old/new effect (i.e., N300). In contrast, test items that were identified and correctly endorsed as “old,” elicited the classic positive frontal old/new effect (i.e., FN400). Importantly, both of these effects were elicited under conditions when participants used perceptual information to make recognition decisions. Conceptual information elicited very different ERPs than perceptual information, showing that the informational wealth of pictures can evoke multiple routes to recognition even without awareness of memory retrieval. These results are discussed within the context of current theories regarding the N300 and the FN400.
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影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Ally, Brandon A.;Budson, Andrew E.
通讯作者：
Budson, Andrew E.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Cleary, AM;Langley, MM;Seiler, KR
通讯作者：
Seiler, KR
DOI：
10.1080/02724980443000665
发表时间：
2005-08-01
期刊：
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY SECTION A-HUMAN EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cleary, AM
通讯作者：
Cleary, AM
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Conroy, MA;Hopkins, RO;Squire, LR
通讯作者：
Squire, LR
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Nieuwenstein, Mark R.;Potter, Mary C.
通讯作者：
Potter, Mary C.