Full genome analysis of Australian infectious bronchitis viruses suggests frequent recombination events between vaccine strains and multiple phylogenetically distant avian coronaviruses of unknown origin.
Full genome analysis of Australian infectious bronchitis viruses suggests frequent recombination events between vaccine strains and multiple phylogenetically distant avian coronaviruses of unknown origin.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.11.003
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发表时间：
2016-12-25
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Browning GF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Quinteros JA;Lee SW;Markham PF;Noormohammadi AH;Hartley CA;Legione AR;Coppo MJC;Vaz PK;Browning GF
疫苗促成了重组IBV毒株的出现。外来禽流感冠状病毒在重组事件中起着决定性的作用。在NSP2、3和16以及S蛋白的基因中都存在重组断裂点。来源不明的禽流感冠状病毒与IBV重组已有20年的历史。多年来，澳大利亚的传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)毒株一直在独立进化，通过接种当地减毒株来实现控制。以前的研究记录了过去20年中重组子的出现，最近的一个重组子ck/Aus/N1/08是在2008年发现的。这些重组子似乎不受目前使用的疫苗控制。在这项研究中，我们对三个澳大利亚新出现的IBV毒株(IBV/ck/Aus/N1/88、IBV/ck/Aus/N1/03和IBV/ck/Aus/N1/08)以及以前不完全特征的疫苗毒株IBV/ck/Aus/Armidale的全基因组进行了测序，并将它们与疫苗毒株VICS的基因组进行了比较。我们在所有三个新出现的分离株中检测到野生型病毒和疫苗株之间的基因组中发生了多次重组事件。此外，我们发现N1/88菌株并不像先前假设的那样完全是外源的。相反，它起源于涉及VICS疫苗株的重组事件。已知的N1/88株和N1/03株S糖蛋白基因在基因上与以前描述的流通毒株不同，并且彼此之间也不同，这些基因的原始供体尚不清楚。亚组2毒株N1/88的S1糖蛋白基因与新近分离的N1/08毒株的S1基因序列具有很高的核苷酸同源性。由于亚组2毒株至少20年没有被分离出来，一种在20世纪80年代作为N1/88 S1糖蛋白序列供体的未知禽流感冠状病毒似乎仍在与现场的IBV毒株重组。
Vaccines contributed to emergence of recombinant IBV strains. Exotic avian coronaviruses have played a decisive role in recombination events. Recombination breakpoints have been in genes for nsp 2, 3 and 16 and the S protein. Avian coronavirus of unknown origin have been recombining with IBV for 20 years. Australian strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) have been evolving independently for many years, with control achieved by vaccination with local attenuated strains. Previous studies have documented the emergence of recombinants over the last 20 years, with the most recent one, Ck/Aus/N1/08, detected in 2008. These recombinants did not appear to be controlled by the vaccines currently in use. In this study we sequenced the complete genomes of three emergent Australian strains of IBV (IBV/Ck/Aus/N1/88, IBV/Ck/Aus/N1/03 and IBV/Ck/Aus/N1/08) and a previously incompletely characterised vaccine strain, IBV/Ck/Aus/Armidale, and compared them to the genome of the vaccine strain VicS. We detected multiple recombination events throughout the genome between wild type viruses and the vaccine strains in all three emergent isolates. Moreover, we found that strain N1/88 was not entirely exogenous, as was previously hypothesised. Rather, it originated from a recombination event involving the VicS vaccine strain. The S glycoprotein genes of N1/88 and N1/03 were known to be genetically distinct from previously characterised circulating strains and from each other, and the original donors of these genes remains unknown. The S1 glycoprotein gene of N1/88, a subgroup 2 strain, shares a high nucleotide identity with the sequence of the S1 gene of the recent isolate N1/08. As the subgroup 2 strains have not been isolated for at least 20 years, it appears likely that an unknown avian coronavirus that was the donor of the S1 glycoprotein sequence of N1/88 in the 1980s is still recombining with IBV strains in the field.
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