Genetic analysis of walnut cultivars from southwest China: Implications for germplasm improvement.
Genetic analysis of walnut cultivars from southwest China: Implications for germplasm improvement.
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中国西南地区核桃品种的遗传分析：对种质改良的启示
DOI：
10.1016/j.pld.2021.08.005
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发表时间：
2022-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Liu, Jie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wambulwa, Moses C.;Fan, Peng-Zhen;Milne, Richard;Wu, Zeng-Yuan;Luo, Ya-Huang;Wang, Yue-Hua;Wang, Hong;Gao, Lian-Ming;Xiahou, Zuo-Ying;Jin, Ye-Chuan;Ye, Lin-Jiang;Xu, Zu-Chang;Yang, Zhi-Chun;Li, De-Zhu;Liu, Jie
核桃因其丰富的营养成分和广泛的药用价值而受到高度重视。这种需求导致了在中国西南等主要核桃产区的育种活动的加强，以开发更多的上级品种。随着品种数量的增加，准确的鉴定成为选择合适的品种用于嫁接、工业加工或新品种开发的基础。为了确保正确识别品种和了解野生和栽培材料的遗传结构，我们使用36个多态性微卫星位点对来自中国西南部的362个栽培和野生核桃树个体（另外两个来自新疆的种群，以及来自加拿大、法国和比利时的3个品种）进行基因型分析。我们发现相对较低的遗传多样性指数（HO = 0.570，HE = 0.404，NA = 2.345）以及高水平的克隆性（>85%的品种），表明育种依赖于遗传上狭窄的亲本材料来源。我们的结构和PCoA分析大致描绘了这两个物种，虽然相当程度的基因渗入也是显而易见的。更重要的是，我们发现了一个独特的遗传群体的栽培核桃，其中主要包括个人的流行'杨必达堡'地方品种。最终筛选出18个SSR核心位点，可用于32个品种的鉴定。简而言之，我们的研究结果呼吁更多地利用遗传上不同的材料，包括野生核桃树，作为亲本来源来培育更多的品种。研究结果对西南地区核桃种质资源的遗传改良和保存具有重要意义。利用36个SSR标记对中国西南地区野生和栽培核桃的遗传多样性进行了研究。种质资源遗传多样性低，克隆性高。我们的数据证实了嫁接作为该地区核桃繁殖的主要方法。我们发现了一个独特的遗传群的核桃品种，主要包括个人的'杨必大泡'地方品种。本研究开发了一套可用于西南地区核桃品种鉴定的18个核心SSR标记。
Walnuts are highly valued for their rich nutritional profile and wide medicinal applications. This demand has led to the intensification of breeding activities in major walnut production areas such as southwest China, in order to develop more superior cultivars. With the increasing number of cultivars, accurate identification becomes fundamental to selecting the right cultivar for grafting, industrial processing or development of new cultivars. To ensure proper identification of cultivars and understand the genetic structure of wild and cultivated material, we genotyped 362 cultivated and wild individuals of walnut trees from southwest China (with two additional populations from Xinjiang, plus three cultivars from Canada, France and Belgium) using 36 polymorphic microsatellite loci. We found relatively low indices of genetic diversity (HO = 0.570, HE = 0.404, NA = 2.345) as well as a high level of clonality (>85% of cultivars), indicating reliance on genetically narrow sources of parental material for breeding. Our STRUCTURE and PCoA analyses generally delineated the two species, though considerable levels of introgression were also evident. More significantly, we detected a distinct genetic group of cultivated Juglanssigillata, which mainly comprised individuals of the popular ‘Yangbidapao’ landrace. Finally, a core set of 18 SSR loci was selected, which was capable of identifying 32 cultivars. In a nutshell, our results call for more utilization of genetically disparate material, including wild walnut trees, as parental sources to breed for more cultivars. The data reported herein will significantly contribute towards the genetic improvement and conservation of the walnut germplasm in southwest China. We used 36 SSR markers to assess the genetic diversity of walnut trees (wild and cultivated) in southwest China. The germplasm exhibited low genetic diversity and, as well as high clonality. Our data confirmed the use of grafting as the main method for propagation of walnuts in the region. We uncovered a distinct genetic group of Juglans sigillata cultivars, mainly comprising individuals of the ‘Yangbidapao’ landrace. We developed a core set of 18 SSR markers that can be used to identify walnut cultivars in southwest China.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Bouabdallah, I.;Bouali, I.;Boukhchina, S.
通讯作者：
Boukhchina, S.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Aradhya, Mallikarjuna K.;Potter, Daniel;Simon, Charles J.
通讯作者：
Simon, Charles J.
影响因子：
3
作者：
Gunn, Bee F.;Aradhya, Mallikarjuna;Hai Xian
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影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Feng X;Zhou H;Zulfiqar S;Luo X;Hu Y;Feng L;Malvolti ME;Woeste K;Zhao P
通讯作者：
Zhao P
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Excoffier, Laurent;Laval, Guillaume;Schneider, Stefan
通讯作者：
Schneider, Stefan