Mechanisms of Memory Disruption in Depression.

Mechanisms of Memory Disruption in Depression.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tins.2017.12.006
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发表时间:
2018-03
影响因子:
15.9
通讯作者:
Pizzagalli DA
Pizzagalli DA
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dillon DG;Pizzagalli DA

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抑郁的个体通常表现出对积极事件的记忆力差,对消极事件的记忆力增强,以及记忆力受损。这些现象在临床上很重要,但了解甚少。压力和抑郁之间令人信服的联系表明有希望的候选机制。应激可抑制海马神经发生,抑制多巴胺神经元,并使杏仁核敏感。我们认为,这些现象可能会损害模式分离,破坏编码的积极经验,并偏向检索对负面事件,分别,从而概括了抑郁症的记忆中断的核心方面。令人鼓舞的是,在积极记忆编码过程中参与的细胞的光遗传学重新激活迅速减少了临床前模型中的抑郁行为。因此,抑郁症中的许多记忆缺陷似乎是慢性压力的下游后果,解决记忆中断可能具有治疗价值。
Depressed individuals typically show poor memory for positive events, potentiated memory for negative events, and impaired recollection. These phenomena are clinically important but poorly understood. Compelling links between stress and depression suggest promising candidate mechanisms. Stress can suppress hippocampal neurogenesis, inhibit dopamine neurons, and sensitize the amygdala. We argue that these phenomena may impair pattern separation, disrupt the encoding of positive experiences, and bias retrieval towards negative events, respectively, thus recapitulating core aspects of memory disruption in depression. Encouragingly, optogenetic reactivation of cells engaged during the encoding of positive memories rapidly reduces depressive behavior in preclinical models. Thus, many memory deficits in depression appear to be downstream consequences of chronic stress, and addressing memory disruption can have therapeutic value.
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