First Insights into the Venom Composition of Two Ecuadorian Coral Snakes.
First Insights into the Venom Composition of Two Ecuadorian Coral Snakes.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms232314686
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发表时间：
2022-11-24
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Micrurus是由85种组成的有毒蛇的医学相关属。由珊瑚蛇引起的叮咬很少见，但通常与非常严重且威胁生命的临床表现有关。厄瓜多尔是一个高度生物多样性的国家，具有复杂的自然环境，大约有20％的鉴定微库物种。此外，它列入了蛇数量最多的拉丁美洲国家。但是，对厄瓜多尔蛇毒的局部抗蛇毒没有可用，并且对这些毒液的生物化学进行了很差的探索。最近，该国仅在该国收集的样本数量有限。因此，这项研究探讨了厄瓜多尔M. Helleri和M. mipartitus的两种珊瑚蛇毒液的组成模式，使用毒液策略，整合样品分馏，凝胶电泳和质谱法。这些蛇毒液的色谱和电泳谱显示了种间变异性，这是通过质谱确定的。这两种毒液遵循了最近公认的二分法毒素表达趋势，由Micrurus物种显示出来：Helleri M. Helleri毒液中含有很高的磷脂酶A2（72％），而M. mipartitus毒液则由三指毒素（63％）主导。在这些毒液中还检测到了其他一些蛋白质家族。总体而言，这些结果提供了关于两种厄瓜多尔珊瑚蛇毒液组成的首先综合观点，并扩展了微毒液表型的知识。这些发现开放了新的观点，以进一步研究这些生物学鸡尾酒和3ftxs的功能方面，并强调了对厄瓜多尔治疗目的的临床前评估的需求。
Micrurus is a medically relevant genus of venomous snakes composed of 85 species. Bites caused by coral snakes are rare, but they are usually associated with very severe and life-threatening clinical manifestations. Ecuador is a highly biodiverse country with a complex natural environment, which is home to approximately 20% of identified Micrurus species. Additionally, it is on the list of Latin American countries with the highest number of snakebites. However, there is no local antivenom available against the Ecuadorian snake venoms, and the biochemistry of these venoms has been poorly explored. Only a limited number of samples collected in the country from the Viperidae family were recently characterised. Therefore, this study addressed the compositional patterns of two coral snake venoms from Ecuador, M. helleri and M. mipartitus, using venomics strategies, integrating sample fractionation, gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry. Chromatographic and electrophoretic profiles of these snake venoms revealed interspecific variability, which was ascertained by mass spectrometry. The two venoms followed the recently recognised dichotomic toxin expression trends displayed by Micrurus species: M. helleri venom contains a high proportion (72%) of phospholipase A2, whereas M. mipartitus venom is dominated by three-finger toxins (63%). A few additional protein families were also detected in these venoms. Overall, these results provide the first comprehensive views on the composition of two Ecuadorian coral snake venoms and expand the knowledge of Micrurus venom phenotypes. These findings open novel perspectives to further research the functional aspects of these biological cocktails of PLA2s and 3FTxs and stress the need for the preclinical evaluation of the currently used antivenoms for therapeutic purposes in Ecuador.
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