Identification of a novel starfish neuropeptide that acts as a muscle relaxant.
Identification of a novel starfish neuropeptide that acts as a muscle relaxant.
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鉴定出充当肌肉松弛剂的新型海星神经肽。
DOI：
10.1111/jnc.13543
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Park NG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim CH;Kim EJ;Go HJ;Oh HY;Lin M;Elphick MR;Park NG
作为肌肉松弛剂的神经肽已经在脊索动物和原口动物无脊椎动物中被发现，但对于作为脊索动物和原口动物的“进化中间产物”的后口动物无脊椎动物（如棘皮动物）中作为肌肉松弛剂的神经肽的分子特性知之甚少。在这里，我们用海星的根尖肌来测定该物种提取物中的肌肉松弛剂。鉴定出一个氨基酸序列为Phe‐Gly‐Lys‐Gly‐Gly‐Ala‐Tyr‐Asp‐Pro‐Leu‐Ser‐Ala‐Gly‐Phe‐Thr‐Asp的六肽，并命名为海星肌松弛肽（SMP）。对编码SMP前体蛋白的cDNA进行克隆和测序，发现其包含12个SMP拷贝和3个与SMP结构相关的肽段（共7个拷贝）。利用qPCR分析果胶树胶中SMP前体转录本的表达，发现其在桡神经索中表达量最高，在根尖肌、管足和心胃等一系列神经肌肉组织中表达量较低。与这些发现一致，SMP也引起管足和心胃制剂的松弛。此外，SMP还能引起另一种海星的尖肌准备松弛。总的来说，这些数据表明SMP在海星中作为肌肉松弛剂具有一般的生理作用。有趣的是，将SMP前体序列与已知的神经肽前体序列进行比较，发现SMP属于双侧神经肽家族，包括软体动物足部肽（PP）和节肢动物足部肽（OK）。这是第一个确定PP/OK型肽在后口中的功能的研究。Pedal peptide/orcokinin （PP/OK）‐型多肽是一个结构相关的神经肽家族，最初在原生无脊椎动物中被发现和功能表征。在这里，我们报道了在海星pectinifera（棘皮动物门）中发现的PP/OK -型神经肽的新成员海星肌松弛肽（SMP）。SMP是第一个在后口动物中被功能表征的PP/OK型神经肽。
Neuropeptides that act as muscle relaxants have been identified in chordates and protostomian invertebrates but little is known about the molecular identity of neuropeptides that act as muscle relaxants in deuterostomian invertebrates (e.g. echinoderms) that are ‘evolutionary intermediates’ of chordates and protostomes. Here, we have used the apical muscle of the starfish Patiria pectinifera to assay for myorelaxants in extracts of this species. A hexadecapeptide with the amino acid sequence Phe‐Gly‐Lys‐Gly‐Gly‐Ala‐Tyr‐Asp‐Pro‐Leu‐Ser‐Ala‐Gly‐Phe‐Thr‐Asp was identified and designated starfish myorelaxant peptide (SMP). Cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding the SMP precursor protein revealed that it comprises 12 copies of SMP as well as 3 peptides (7 copies in total) that are structurally related to SMP. Analysis of the expression of SMP precursor transcripts in P. pectinifera using qPCR revealed the highest expression in the radial nerve cords and lower expression levels in a range of neuromuscular tissues, including the apical muscle, tube feet and cardiac stomach. Consistent with these findings, SMP also caused relaxation of tube foot and cardiac stomach preparations. Furthermore, SMP caused relaxation of apical muscle preparations from another starfish species – Asterias amurensis. Collectively, these data indicate that SMP has a general physiological role as a muscle relaxant in starfish. Interestingly, comparison of the sequence of the SMP precursor with known neuropeptide precursors revealed that SMP belongs to a bilaterian family of neuropeptides that include molluscan pedal peptides (PP) and arthropodan orcokinins (OK). This is the first study to determine the function of a PP/OK‐type peptide in a deuterostome. Pedal peptide/orcokinin (PP/OK)‐type peptides are a family of structurally related neuropeptides that were first identified and functionally characterised in protostomian invertebrates. Here, we report the discovery of starfish myorelaxant peptide (SMP), a novel member of the PP/OK‐type neuropeptide identified in the starfish Patiria pectinifera (phylum Echinodermata). SMP is the first PP/OK‐type neuropeptide to be functionally characterised in a deuterostome.
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影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Kim, Chan-Hee;Go, Hye-Jin;Park, Nam Gyu
通讯作者：
Park, Nam Gyu
DOI：
10.1007/s00359-012-0770-x
发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Longley, Roger D.;Peterman, Misa
通讯作者：
Peterman, Misa
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Melarange, R;Elphick, MR
通讯作者：
Elphick, MR
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Hofer, Sabine;Homberg, Uwe
通讯作者：
Homberg, Uwe
DOI：
10.1006/bbrc.1993.1451
发表时间：
1993-04-30
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
KITAMURA, K;KANGAWA, K;ETO, T
通讯作者：
ETO, T