Disinfectant effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses present on human skin: model-based evaluation.
Disinfectant effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses present on human skin: model-based evaluation.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cmi.2021.04.009
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发表时间：
2021-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nakaya T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirose R;Bandou R;Ikegaya H;Watanabe N;Yoshida T;Daidoji T;Naito Y;Itoh Y;Nakaya T
由于病毒暴露的危害，针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 对人体皮肤的消毒效果仍不清楚。之前使用从法医尸检样本中获得的人体皮肤生成的评估模型可以准确地模拟体内皮肤状况，以评估针对病毒的消毒效果。使用该模型，我们评估了对人体皮肤上病毒的消毒效果。使用乙醇（EA）、异丙醇（IPA）、葡萄糖酸氯己定（CHG）和苯扎氯铵（BAC）作为目标消毒剂。首先，对消毒剂针对 SARS-CoV-2 和甲型流感病毒 (IAV) 的有效性进行了体外评估。然后，在皮肤上使用每种消毒剂 5-60 秒后，通过滴定皮肤上存在的病毒来评估消毒剂对人体皮肤对抗 SARS-CoV-2 和 IAV 的效果。 40%–80% EA 和 70% IPA 可以在 5 秒内完全灭活人类皮肤上的 SARS-CoV-2 和 IAV（对数减少值 (LRV) > 4）。然而，20% EA 几乎无法灭活 SARS-CoV-2 和 IAV（LRV <1）。体外评价表明，与EA和IPA相比，CHG和BAC的消毒效果明显较差。相反，CHG 和 BAC 对 SARS-CoV-2 的消毒效果在人体皮肤上高于体外，并且随着浓度和反应时间的增加而增加（0.2% CHG/0.05% BAC 的 LRV >2，1.0% CHG/0.2% BAC 的 LRV >2.5）。使用 EA/IPA 等酒精类消毒剂进行正确的手部卫生习惯可以有效灭活人体皮肤上的 SARS-CoV-2 和 IAV。
Disinfection effectiveness against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on human skin remains unclear because of the hazards of viral exposure. An evaluation model, which has been previously generated using human skin obtained from forensic autopsy samples, accurately mimics in vivo skin conditions for evaluating the effectiveness of disinfection against the virus. Using this model, we evaluated disinfection effectiveness against viruses on human skin. Ethanol (EA), isopropanol (IPA), chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) were used as target disinfectants. First, disinfectant effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV) was evaluated in vitro. Disinfectant effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and IAV on human skin was then evaluated by titrating viruses present on the skin after applying each disinfectant on the skin for 5–60 seconds. Both, SARS-CoV-2 and IAV on human skin were completely inactivated within 5 seconds by 40%–80% EA and 70% IPA (log reduction values (LRVs) were >4). However, SARS-CoV-2 and IAV were barely inactivated by 20% EA (LRVs were <1). In vitro evaluation showed that, compared with EA and IPA, CHG and BAC were significantly inferior in terms of disinfection effectiveness. Conversely, the disinfection effectiveness of CHG and BAC against SARS-CoV-2 was higher on human skin than in vitro, and increased with increases in their concentration and reaction time (LRVs of 0.2% CHG/0.05% BAC were >2, and LRVs of 1.0% CHG/0.2% BAC were >2.5). Proper hand hygiene practices using alcohol-based disinfectants such as EA/IPA effectively inactivate SARS-CoV-2 and IAV on human skin.
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