The role of actin and myosin in PtK2 spindle length changes induced by laser microbeam irradiations across the spindle
The role of actin and myosin in PtK2 spindle length changes induced by laser microbeam irradiations across the spindle
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肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白在激光微束穿过纺锤体照射引起的 PtK2 纺锤体长度变化中的作用
作者：
R. Sheykhani;N. Baker;Veronica Gomez‐Godinez;L. Liaw;J. Shah;M. Berns;A. Forer
本研究探讨了纺锤体的生物力学特性，以更好地了解纺锤体的功能。在本报告中，激光微束切割有丝分裂纺锤体导致纺锤体极向纺锤体赤道移动。切割侧的磁极首先移动，另一个磁极随后移动，导致较短但对称的主轴。在两极的赤道运动过程中，中间的纺锤体微管弯曲和屈曲。由于这一点，因为没有检测到的微管消融区，其他细胞骨架元素似乎参与了赤道运动的两极。一种可能性是肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白，因为肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白系统的药物中毒改变了受辐照和未受辐照两极的赤道运动。免疫荧光显微镜证实，肌动蛋白，肌球蛋白和单磷酸化肌球蛋白与梭形纤维，并表明，一些肌动蛋白和单磷酸化肌球蛋白仍然在照射区域。总之，我们的实验表明，肌动蛋白，肌球蛋白和微管相互作用，以控制纺锤体的长度。我们认为，肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白，可能与纺锤体基质结合，导致照射极向赤道移动，两个半纺锤体之间的串扰导致未照射极向赤道移动，直到获得平衡的长度。© 2013 Wiley Periodicals，Inc
This study investigates spindle biomechanical properties to better understand how spindles function. In this report, laser microbeam cutting across mitotic spindles resulted in movement of spindle poles toward the spindle equator. The pole on the cut side moved first, the other pole moved later, resulting in a shorter but symmetric spindle. Intervening spindle microtubules bent and buckled during the equatorial movement of the poles. Because of this and because there were no detectable microtubules within the ablation zone, other cytoskeletal elements would seem to be involved in the equatorial movement of the poles. One possibility is actin and myosin since pharmacological poisoning of the actin–myosin system altered the equatorial movements of both irradiated and unirradiated poles. Immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed that actin, myosin and monophosphorylated myosin are associated with spindle fibers and showed that some actin and monophosphorylated myosin remained in the irradiated regions. Overall, our experiments suggest that actin, myosin and microtubules interact to control spindle length. We suggest that actin and myosin, possibly in conjunction with the spindle matrix, cause the irradiated pole to move toward the equator and that cross‐talk between the two half spindles causes the unirradiated pole to move toward the equator until a balanced length is obtained. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
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