Pavlovian disgust conditioning as a model for contamination-based OCD: Evidence from an analogue study.
Pavlovian disgust conditioning as a model for contamination-based OCD: Evidence from an analogue study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brat.2017.03.009
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Olatunji BO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Armstrong T;Olatunji BO
巴甫洛夫恐惧条件反射为焦虑相关疾病（包括强迫症（OCD））提供了一个模型。然而，厌恶是对污染的主要情绪反应，这是强迫症的常见主题。本研究试图找出厌恶调节异常，这可能是与强迫症相关的过度污染问题的基础。污染关注度高和低的个体（HCC，n = 32；LCC，n = 30）完成了一项联想学习任务，其中一张中性面孔（条件刺激；CS+）后面跟着一幅令人厌恶的图像（无条件刺激；US），另一张中性面孔（CS−）没有得到强化。在此获取过程之后，出现了一个灭绝过程，其中两个 CS 均未得到强化。各组在获取后对 CS 的判别反应上没有表现出显着差异。然而，在灭绝之后，与 LCC 组相比，HCC 组在 CS+ 后对美国的期望减少较少，并且对 CS+ 的厌恶程度也更大。在获得和消失后对 CS+ 的厌恶感增加与基于污染的强迫症症状的增加和厌恶敏感性的增加相关。此外，厌恶敏感性介导了获得和消退时对 CS+ 的厌恶反应的群体差异。此外，未能调整美国对灭绝的预期，部分调节了灭绝后对 CS+ 厌恶的群体差异。总之，这些发现表明，在强迫症中观察到的过度污染问题可能与难以抑制获得性厌恶有关，这可能是由于该疾病特有的厌恶敏感性升高所致。
Pavlovian fear conditioning provides a model for anxiety-related disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, disgust is the predominant emotional response to contamination, which is a common theme in OCD. The present study sought to identify disgust conditioning abnormalities that may underlie excessive contamination concerns relevant to OCD. Individuals high and low in contamination concern (HCC, n = 32; LCC, n = 30) completed an associative learning task in which one neutral face (conditioned stimulus; CS+) was followed by a disgusting image (unconditioned stimulus; US) and another neutral face (CS−) was unreinforced. Following this acquisition procedure, there was an extinction procedure in which both CSs were presented unreinforced. The groups did not show significant differences in discriminant responding to the CSs following acquisition. However, following extinction, the HCC group reported less reduction in their expectancy of the US following the CS+, and also reported greater disgust to the CS+, compared to the LCC group. Increased disgust to the CS+ following both acquisition and extinction was correlated with increased symptoms of contamination-based OCD and increased disgust sensitivity. Additionally, disgust sensitivity mediated group differences in disgust responding to the CS+ at acquisition and extinction. Also, failure to adjust US expectancy in response to extinction partially mediated group differences in disgust to the CS+ following extinction. Together, these findings suggest that excessive contamination concerns observed in OCD may be related to difficulty inhibiting acquired disgust, possibly due to elevated disgust sensitivity that characterizes the disorder.
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