Central Neurocircuits Regulating Food Intake in Response to Gut Inputs-Preclinical Evidence.
Central Neurocircuits Regulating Food Intake in Response to Gut Inputs-Preclinical Evidence.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu13030908
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发表时间：
2021-03-11
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Carson KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Browning KN;Carson KE
能量平衡的调节需要体内平衡和享乐途径的复杂整合，但来自胃肠道（GI）的感觉输入越来越被认为起着关键作用。胃和小肠通过感觉传入迷走神经将感觉信息传递到中枢神经系统（CNS）。这种大量的复杂感觉信息被孤束核（NTS）的神经元接收，并与循环因子的反应以及来自脑干、中脑和前脑核团的下行输入整合在一起，这些核团参与自主调节。整合的信号被传递到邻近的迷走神经背侧运动核（DMV），其通过传出迷走神经提供运动输出响应以调节和调节胃运动、张力、分泌和排空，以及肠运动和转运;这些响应的精确协调对于控制膳食大小、膳食终止和营养吸收是必不可少的。NTS的相互连接意味着许多其他CNS区域能够调节迷走神经传出输出，这通过与包括进食在内的GI功能失调相关的许多CNS疾病来强调。本文综述了中枢神经系统主要中枢对肠道相关输入在胃功能调节中的作用，特别是对食物摄入的调节。
The regulation of energy balance requires the complex integration of homeostatic and hedonic pathways, but sensory inputs from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are increasingly recognized as playing critical roles. The stomach and small intestine relay sensory information to the central nervous system (CNS) via the sensory afferent vagus nerve. This vast volume of complex sensory information is received by neurons of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS) and is integrated with responses to circulating factors as well as descending inputs from the brainstem, midbrain, and forebrain nuclei involved in autonomic regulation. The integrated signal is relayed to the adjacent dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), which supplies the motor output response via the efferent vagus nerve to regulate and modulate gastric motility, tone, secretion, and emptying, as well as intestinal motility and transit; the precise coordination of these responses is essential for the control of meal size, meal termination, and nutrient absorption. The interconnectivity of the NTS implies that many other CNS areas are capable of modulating vagal efferent output, emphasized by the many CNS disorders associated with dysregulated GI functions including feeding. This review will summarize the role of major CNS centers to gut-related inputs in the regulation of gastric function with specific reference to the regulation of food intake.
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