Critical role of RIG-I and MDA5 in early and late stages of Tulane virus infection.

Critical role of RIG-I and MDA5 in early and late stages of Tulane virus infection.
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DOI:
10.1099/jgv.0.000769
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发表时间:
2017-05
期刊:
The Journal of general virology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Vinjé J
Vinjé J
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chhabra P;Ranjan P;Cromeans T;Sambhara S;Vinjé J

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人类诺如病毒是全世界急性胃肠炎的主要原因,但缺乏强大的细胞培养系统或小动物模型阻碍了更好地了解针对这些病毒的先天免疫。杜兰病毒 (TV) 是杯状病毒科中一个暂定新属呼肠孤病毒的原型病毒。其流行病学和生物学特性与人类诺如病毒最相似。宿主对RNA病毒感染的先天免疫反应主要涉及病原体感应Toll样受体(TLR)TLR3和TLR7以及视黄酸诱导基因I样受体RIG-I和黑色素瘤分化相关基因5(MDA5)。在本研究中,通过使用 siRNA 敲低,我们报告 LLC-MK2 细胞中的 TV 感染导致早期 [感染后 3 小时 (h p.i.),P<0.05] RIG-I 依赖性和 I 型干扰素介导的抗病毒反应,而在 TV 复制的后期 (12 h p.i.;P<0.05) 阶段观察到 MDA5 介导的抗病毒作用。 RIG-I 和 MDA5 的诱导对于抑制 TV 复制至关重要。此外,RIG-I/MDA5途径的预激活阻止了TV复制(减少>900倍;P<0.05),这表明RIG-I和MDA5配体可用于开发针对诺如病毒的新型预防和治疗措施。
Human noroviruses are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, but the lack of a robust cell culture system or small animal model have hampered a better understanding of innate immunity against these viruses. Tulane virus (TV) is the prototype virus of a tentative new genus, Recovirus, in the family Caliciviridae. Its epidemiology and biological properties most closely resemble human norovirus. The host innate immune response to RNA virus infection primarily involves pathogen-sensing toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR3 and TLR7 and retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptor RIG-I and melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA5). In this study, by using siRNA knockdown, we report that TV infection in LLC-MK2 cells results in an early [3 h post infection (h p.i.), P<0.05] RIG-I-dependent and type I interferon-mediated antiviral response, whereas an MDA5-mediated antiviral effect was observed at later (12 h p.i.; P<0.05) stages of TV replication. Induction of RIG-I and MDA5 was critical for inhibition of TV replication. Furthermore, pre-activation of the RIG-I/MDA5 pathway prevented TV replication (>900-fold decrease; P<0.05), suggesting that RIG-I and MDA5 ligands could be used to develop novel preventive and therapeutic measures against norovirus.
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