Unforgettable ultimatums? Expectation violations promote enhanced social memory following economic bargaining.
Unforgettable ultimatums? Expectation violations promote enhanced social memory following economic bargaining.
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DOI：
10.3389/neuro.08.036.2009
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Sanfey AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang LJ;Sanfey AG
神经经济学领域的最新研究考察了人们如何在互动环境中做出决策。然而，目前对这些社会决策如何影响这些互动的后续记忆知之甚少。我们通过使用功能性磁共振成像来研究这个问题，当参与者观看他们最近在回应者的角色中玩过最后通牒游戏的人的照片时，扫描他们，或者他们以前从未见过的人。基于以前的工作已经调查了“作弊检测”，我们感兴趣的是，参与者是否表现出相对增强的记忆的合作伙伴，使公平或不公平的建议。我们没有发现任何证据，无论是在行为上还是在神经上，都支持基于提议者提供的金钱数量来增强记忆。然而，我们确实发现，参与者对他们在游戏中体验到的优惠的最初期望影响了他们的记忆。参与者表现出相对增强的主观记忆的合作伙伴，提出的建议是矛盾的，他们最初的期望。此外，我们观察到两个不同的大脑系统，它们与提供比参与者期望更多或更少的伴侣有关。观看伴侣的照片，超出了最初的预期与双边前额叶，前扣带皮层/运动前区，纹状体，和双边后额叶，而观看伴侣，提供低于最初的预期与双边颞顶交界处，右STS，双边后额叶，和楔前叶。这些结果表明，社会交往的记忆可能不是由特定的作弊检测系统引导的，而是由更普遍的期望违背系统引导的。
Recent work in the field of neuroeconomics has examined how people make decisions in interactive settings. However, less is currently known about how these social decisions influence subsequent memory for these interactions. We investigated this question by using functional magnetic resonance imaging to scan participants as they viewed photographs of people they had either recently played an Ultimatum Game with in the role of Responder, or that they had never seen before. Based on previous work that has investigated “cheater detection”, we were interested in whether participants demonstrated a relative enhanced memory for partners that made either fair or unfair proposals. We found no evidence, either behaviorally or neurally, supporting enhanced memory based on the amount of money offered by the Proposer. However, we did find that participants’ initial expectations about the offers they would experience in the game influenced their memory. Participants demonstrated relatively enhanced subjective memory for partners that made proposals that were contradictory to their initial expectations. In addition, we observed two distinct brain systems that were associated with partners that either offered more or less than the participants’ expectations. Viewing pictures of partners that exceeded initial expectations was associated with the bilateral anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex/premotor area, striatum, and bilateral posterior hippocampi, while viewing partners that offered less than initial expectations was associated with bilateral temporal-parietal junction, right STS, bilateral posterior insula, and precuneus. These results suggest that memory for social interaction may not be guided by a specific cheater detection system, but rather a more general expectation violation system.
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