Challenges Caused by Imported Cases Abroad for the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in China.
Challenges Caused by Imported Cases Abroad for the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in China.
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国外进口案件在中国预防和控制Covid-19造成的挑战。
DOI：
10.3389/fmed.2021.573726
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Jiang T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu J;Zhang Q;Jia C;Xu S;Lei J;Chen J;Xia Y;Wang W;Wang X;Wen M;Wang H;Zhang Z;Wang W;Zhao J;Jiang T
背景：中国境外输入的COVID-19病例持续增加，因此我们开展本研究来回顾这些患者的流行病学特征。方法：纳入2020年2月26日至4月4日境外输入病例。本研究评估了预防对策在遏制 COVID-19 传播方面的效果。此外，我们将潜伏期和确诊时间分别定义为从离开震中之日起至症状出现日期和最终诊断日期，并将症状出现至最终诊断时间的间隔定义为诊断时间。分类变量总结为数字和百分比，并分析变量之间的差异。结果：670例境外输入病例中，中国人555例，外国人115例。显然，在中国被迫暂时停止持有效签证或居留许可的外国护照持有人入境后，确诊病例明显减少；实施管控措施6天后，每日新增确诊病例降至13例。此外，约84.3%的患者（166/197）在离开震中1周后出现症状，尤其是7名患者（3.6%）在离开震中2周后出现症状。潜伏期中位数为 3.0 天（四分位数范围为 1.0 至 6.0），第 95 个百分位数为 11.6 天。此外，大多数病例（92.9%）在症状出现后4天内检测出核酸阳性，中位诊断时间为2.0天（四分位数范围，1.0至3.0），分布的第95个百分位为5.0天。最后，约5.8%的患者为健康携带者，无症状患者的中位确诊时间为4.0天（四分位距，2.0至9.0）。以下变量可能与确诊时间相关：症状类型（P = 0.005）、输出区域（P < 0.001）和症状发作时间（P < 0.001）。结论：中国政府实施的输入性病例预防对策对于遏制COVID-19的传播发挥了不可或缺的作用；离开震中的时间可以提供潜伏期的估计；确诊时间，可能需要延长2周的隔离期，同时对无症状患者进行密切监测。
Background: Overseas imported cases of COVID-19 continue to increase in China, so we conducted this study to review the epidemiological characteristics of these patients. Methods: From February 26 to April 4, 2020, the imported cases from abroad were enrolled in this study. The effect of prevention countermeasures in curbing the spread of COVID-19 was assessed in this study. Moreover, we defined incubation period and confirmed time as from the date of leaving the epicenter to date of symptom onset and date of final diagnosed, respectively, and the interval of symptom onset to final diagnosed time was defined as diagnostic time. Categorical variables were summarized as numbers and percentages, and the difference among the variables were analyzed. Results: For 670 cases imported from abroad, 555 were Chinese and 115 were foreigners. Apparently, confirmed cases had significantly decreased after China was compelled to temporarily suspend the entry of foreign passport holders with valid visas or residence permits; 6 days after implement of controlled measures, the daily new confirmed cases were reduced to 13 cases. Moreover, about 84.3% of patients (166/197) presented symptoms 1 week after leaving the epicenter, and notably seven patients (3.6%) had symptoms 2 weeks after leaving the epicenter. The median incubation period was 3.0 days (inter quartile range, 1.0 to 6.0), the 95th percentile was 11.6 days. Additionally, most of cases (92.9%) were detected positively of nucleic acid after symptom onset with 4 days, the median diagnostic time was 2.0 days (interquartile range, 1.0 to 3.0), and the 95th percentile of the distribution was 5.0 days. Finally, about 5.8% of patients were healthy carriers, and the median confirmed time of asymptomatic patients was 4.0 days (interquartile range, 2.0 to 9.0). The following variables might be associated with confirmed time: symptom type (P = 0.005), exported regions (P < 0.001), and symptom onset time (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The prevention countermeasures for imported cases implemented by the Chinese government played an indispensable role in curbing the spread of COVID-19; the time of departure from epicenter could provide an estimate of the incubation period; and a confirmed time, 2-week quarantine period might need to be prolonged, while asymptomatic patients should be closely monitored.
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影响因子：
9.6
作者：
Findlater A;Bogoch II
通讯作者：
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