Is Sustainability a Special Case for Persuasion?
Is Sustainability a Special Case for Persuasion?
复制标题
可持续性是说服的特例吗？
DOI：
10.1093/iwc/iww005
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Knowles B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knowles B
设计有说服力的技术——即改变人们行为和态度的技术——被视为一项有道德风险的冒险。最近的工作已经开始应用价值敏感设计（VSD）和参与式设计等既定方法，这些方法指导设计师深入、有意识地参与未来用户和其他利益相关者的需求和价值。但对于全球气候变化等极其严重的问题，这些方法可能会让设计者陷入分析瘫痪——尤其是当气候变化的有害影响已经对我们造成影响时。因此，可持续性是否是道德设计缓慢而谨慎地进行这一新兴共识的例外？我们并不反对：无论是由气候变化、战争、疾病还是不公正造成的，人类的苦难总是需要谨慎可行的最快应对措施。我们主张深思熟虑和行动之间的成熟平衡——特别是当行动的后果是不可预见的，但不行动的后果是不可想象的时。我们提出了一条前进的道路，使从业者可以在道德上实现说服性技术的全部说服力潜力：采用 VSD 方法来培养价值观和促进深思熟虑；通过参与式设计，而不是像传统那样与最终用户一起参与，而是与领域专家一起参与，他们可以对有意义的有说服力的技术目标提供真正的见解；支持集体行动，而不是首先保留用户选择不劝说的权利；当恐惧是推动有说服力的技术目标的叙述中不可或缺的一部分时，通过诉诸恐惧，同时提高面对恐惧的效率。
Designing persuasive technology—that is, technology to change people's behaviors and attitudes—is seen as a morally risky venture. Recent work has begun to apply established approaches such as Value Sensitive Design (VSD) and Participatory Design, which guide the designer to deeply and deliberately engage with the needs and values of future users and other stakeholders. But with super-wicked problems such as global climate change, these approaches can mire the designer in analysis paralysis—particularly problematic as harmful effects of climate change are already upon us. Is sustainability, thus, an exception to the emerging consensus that ethical design proceeds slowly and cautiously? We argue not: whether caused by climate change, war, disease or injustice, human suffering always demands the swiftest response that is prudently possible. We argue for a mature balance between deliberation and action—especially when the consequences of action are unforeseeable but the consequences of inaction are unthinkable. We propose a route forward whereby practitioners may ethically realize the full persuasive potential of persuasive technologies: by adopting a VSD approach to cultivating values and fostering deliberation; by engaging in Participatory Design not with end-users, as is traditionally done, but with domain experts who can offer real insight into meaningful persuasive technology goals; by supporting collective action rather than preserving above all users' rights to opt out of persuasion; and by appealing to fear in cases where fear is integral to the narrative driving the persuasive technology goal, while promoting efficacy in the face of fear.
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DOI：
10.17705/1cais.02428
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst.
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Oinas-Kukkonen;Marja Harjumaa
通讯作者：
H. Oinas-Kukkonen;Marja Harjumaa
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Mazé
通讯作者：
R. Mazé
异常和负罪感：心理极限内的计算
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bran Knowles;Elina Eriksson
通讯作者：
Elina Eriksson
普遍存在的负面行为游戏促进环境可持续发展
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
CHI Extended Abstracts
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Ross
通讯作者：
J. Ross
DOI：
10.1145/2598510.2598536
发表时间：
2014-06
期刊：
Proceedings of the 2014 conference on Designing interactive systems
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bran Knowles;L. Blair;S. Walker;P. Coulton;Lisa Thomas;Louise Mullagh
通讯作者：
Bran Knowles;L. Blair;S. Walker;P. Coulton;Lisa Thomas;Louise Mullagh