An experimental study of messages communicating potential harms of electronic cigarettes.
An experimental study of messages communicating potential harms of electronic cigarettes.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0240611
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Popova L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Owusu D;Massey Z;Popova L
近年来，美国的电子烟使用量激增。虽然电子烟的有毒化学物质含量可能低于燃烧的香烟，但它们仍然会对健康造成严重危害，包括增加患心脏病和呼吸道疾病的风险。尽管存在这些风险，但公众对电子烟健康危害的认识仍然很低。因此，教育公众电子烟的潜在危害是很重要的。这项研究采用了反吸烟信息中常见的主题，并利用它们来开发有关电子烟危害的信息。在全国范围内，2801名吸烟者和不吸烟者（年龄在18岁以上）被随机分配观看四种电子烟信息中的一种（化学物质的有害影响、成分的不确定性、对大烟草的不信任或电子烟的成本）或控制信息（瓶装水广告）。参与者对信息的反应和行为意图在接触后立即被评估。方差分析检验了信息对结果变量块的影响，单变量分析估计了每个结果的每个实验条件的调整均值。有害化学物质的信息被认为是信息量最大、最有效的，并引发了最高水平的负面情绪（p <0.05）。然而，在实际有效性的衡量标准上，其他信息的表现同样出色。具体而言，不同主题的信息（有害化学物质、成分不确定性、反行业或财务成本）增加了人们对电子烟的感知风险，支持电子烟控制，降低了人们对使用电子烟的自我免税信念和意图（p <0.05）。反吸烟信息中常用的主题可能有效地教育公众关于电子烟的潜在危害。观察到的信息的不同影响表明，需要在有关电子烟的公共教育活动中使用多种主题。
There has been an upsurge of e-cigarette use in the United States in recent years. While e-cigarettes may contain lower levels of toxic chemicals than combusted cigarettes, they still pose serious health hazards, including increased risk for heart and respiratory disease. Despite these risks, public awareness of the health harms of e-cigarettes remains low. Thus, it is important to educate the public about the potential harms of e-cigarettes. This study took themes commonly found in antismoking messages and used them to develop messages about harms of e-cigarettes. A national sample of 2801 current smokers and nonsmokers (aged 18+ years) were randomized to view one of four e-cigarette messages (harmful effect of chemicals, uncertainty about ingredients, distrust of big tobacco, or cost of vaping) or a control message (bottled water ad). Participants’ reactions to the messages and behavioral intentions were assessed immediately following the exposure. MANOVA examined effects of the messages on blocks of the outcome variables and univariate analyses estimated adjusted means for each experimental condition for each outcome. The message about harmful chemicals was perceived as the most informative and effective and elicited the highest levels of negative emotions (Ps<0.05). However, on measures of actual effectiveness, the other messages performed equally well. Specifically, messages with different themes (harmful chemicals, uncertainty about ingredients, anti-industry, or financial cost) increased perceived risk of e-cigarettes, support for e-cigarette control, and lowered self-exempting beliefs and intentions to use e-cigarettes (Ps<0.05). Themes commonly used in anti-smoking messages may be effective in educating the public about the potential harm of e-cigarettes. The observed differential effects of the messages suggest the need to use multiple themes in a public education campaign about e-cigarettes.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Allen JG;Flanigan SS;LeBlanc M;Vallarino J;MacNaughton P;Stewart JH;Christiani DC
通讯作者：
Christiani DC
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Carpenter, MJ;Hughes, JR;Keely, JP
通讯作者：
Keely, JP
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Amato MS;Boyle RG;Levy D
通讯作者：
Levy D
影响因子：
--
作者：
Barnes AJ;Bono RS;Lester RC;Eissenberg TE;Cobb CO
通讯作者：
Cobb CO
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Czoli, Christine D.;Goniewicz, Maciej;Hammond, David
通讯作者：
Hammond, David