Effects of Pacap on Schwann Cells: Focus on Nerve Injury.

Effects of Pacap on Schwann Cells: Focus on Nerve Injury.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms21218233
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发表时间:
2020-11-03
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
D'Agata V
D'Agata V
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Maugeri G;D'Amico AG;Musumeci G;Reglodi D;D'Agata V

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雪旺细胞是周围神经系统中最丰富的神经胶质细胞,代表了能够为轴突再生和再生轴突上髓鞘的恢复提供细胞外微环境的关键参与者。神经损伤后,雪旺细胞通过获得新的表型来适应性地响应损伤。特别地,它们中的一些定位在远端残端中以形成Bungner带,这是损伤神经的远端部位中的再生轨道,而另一些产生参与募集浸润到神经损伤区域中的巨噬细胞以用于轴突和髓鞘碎片清除的细胞因子。几种神经营养因子,包括垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽(PACAP),促进损伤神经元的存活和轴突伸长。本综述总结了现有文献中的证据,证明PACAP的自分泌和/或旁分泌作用,以促进髓鞘再生和改善周围神经损伤后的炎症反应。
Schwann cells, the most abundant glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, represent the key players able to supply extracellular microenvironment for axonal regrowth and restoration of myelin sheaths on regenerating axons. Following nerve injury, Schwann cells respond adaptively to damage by acquiring a new phenotype. In particular, some of them localize in the distal stump to form the Bungner band, a regeneration track in the distal site of the injured nerve, whereas others produce cytokines involved in recruitment of macrophages infiltrating into the nerve damaged area for axonal and myelin debris clearance. Several neurotrophic factors, including pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), promote survival and axonal elongation of injured neurons. The present review summarizes the evidence existing in the literature demonstrating the autocrine and/or paracrine action exerted by PACAP to promote remyelination and ameliorate the peripheral nerve inflammatory response following nerve injury.
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