Governing Global Supply Chain Sustainability through the Ethical Audit Regime

Governing Global Supply Chain Sustainability through the Ethical Audit Regime
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通过道德审计制度治理全球供应链可持续性

DOI:
10.1080/14747731.2017.1304008
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
LeBaron G
LeBaron G
中科院分区:
法学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
LeBaron G

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在过去的二十年里,跨国公司一直在扩大“道德”审计项目,其目的是降低从操作不善的供应商那里采购的风险。一波政府监管浪潮--如《加州供应链透明度法案》(2012)和《英国现代奴隶法》(2015)--增强了审计作为管理全球供应链中劳工和环境标准的工具的正当性,得到了广泛的公民社会行为者的支持,认为审计是促进企业问责的一种方式。鉴于20年来的证据表明,审计项目通常无法发现或纠正全球供应链中的劳工和环境问题,越来越多的人将审计作为一种治理工具,这是一个令人费解的趋势。根据原始的实地研究,本文表明,尽管审计制度在政府和民间社会行为者中的合法性和牵引力越来越大,但它继续回应和保护行业的商业利益。在概念上,文章挑战了审计制度作为一种技术性、中立和良性的供应链治理工具的普遍特征,并强调了其嵌入到围绕行业主导的全球治理私有化的合法性和有效性的斗争中。
Over the past two decades multinational corporations have been expanding ‘ethical’ audit programs with the stated aim of reducing the risk of sourcing from suppliers with poor practices. A wave of government regulation—such as the California Transparency in Supply Chains Act (2012) and the UK Modern Slavery Act (2015)—has enhanced the legitimacy of auditing as a tool to govern labor and environmental standards in global supply chains, backed by a broad range of civil society actors championing audits as a way of promoting corporate accountability. The growing adoption of auditing as a governance tool is a puzzling trend, given two decades of evidence that audit programs generally fail to detect or correct labor and environmental problems in global supply chains. Drawing on original field research, this article shows that in spite of its growing legitimacy and traction among government and civil society actors, the audit regime continues to respond to and protect industry commercial interests. Conceptually, the article challenges prevailing characterizations of the audit regime as a technical, neutral, and benign tool of supply chain governance, and highlights its embeddedness in struggles over the legitimacy and effectiveness of the industry-led privatization of global governance.
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