Age of onset of marijuana use and executive function.
Age of onset of marijuana use and executive function.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/a0026269
复制
发表时间：
2012-09
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lukas, Scott E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gruber, Staci A.;Sagar, Kelly A.;Dahlgren, Mary Kathryn;Racine, Megan;Lukas, Scott E.
大麻（MJ）仍然是美国滥用最广泛的非法物质，近年来，伴随MJ使用风险的下降而来的是青少年使用率的同时增加。在目前的研究中，我们假设慢性MJ吸烟者会执行认知任务，特别是那些需要执行功能的任务比对照组更差，并且在16岁之前（早发）开始吸烟的个体比16岁之后（晚发）开始吸烟的个体会有更多的困难。34名慢性重度MJ吸烟者被分成早发组和晚发组，28名不吸烟的对照组完成了一系列神经认知测试。正如假设的那样，MJ吸烟者在执行功能的几项测量中比对照组表现更差。发病年龄分析显示，这些组间差异很大程度上归因于早发病组，他们每周吸烟的频率是晚发病组的两倍，每周吸烟的焦耳量是晚发病组的近三倍。发病年龄，使用MJ的频率和程度都显示影响认知表现。研究结果表明，相对于发病较晚的患者，发病较早的患者认知功能较差，使用MJ的频率和幅度增加。在神经发育脆弱时期（如青春期）暴露于MJ可能导致大脑发育改变和持久的神经心理变化。
Marijuana (MJ) remains the most widely abused illicit substance in the United States, and in recent years, a decline in perceived risk of MJ use has been accompanied by a simultaneous increase in rates of use among adolescents. In the current study, we hypothesized that chronic MJ smokers would perform cognitive tasks, specifically those that require executive function more poorly than control subjects, and that individuals who started smoking MJ regularly prior to age 16 (early onset) would have more difficulty than those who started after age 16 (late onset). Thirty-four chronic, heavy MJ smokers separated into early and late onset groups and 28 non-MJ smoking controls completed a battery of neurocognitive measures. As hypothesized, MJ smokers performed more poorly than controls on several measures of executive function. Age of onset analyses revealed that these between-group differences were largely attributed to the early onset group, who were also shown to smoke twice as often and nearly three times as much MJ per week relative to the late onset smokers. Age of onset, frequency and magnitude of MJ use were all shown to impact cognitive performance. Findings suggest that earlier MJ onset is related to poorer cognitive function and increased frequency and magnitude of MJ use relative to later MJ onset. Exposure to MJ during a period of neurodevelopmental vulnerability, such as adolescence, may result in altered brain development and enduring neuropsychological changes.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0402680101
发表时间：
2004-05-25
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gogtay, N;Giedd, JN;Thompson, PM
通讯作者：
Thompson, PM
朝着全球酒精，烟草，大麻和可卡因的使用：WHO世界心理健康调查的发现。
影响因子：
15.8
作者：
Degenhardt, Louisa;Chiu, Wai-Tat;Sampson, Nancy;Kessler, Ronald C.;Anthony, James C.;Angermeyer, Matthias;Bruffaerts, Ronny;de Girolamo, Giovanni;Gureje, Oye;Huang, Yueqin;Karam, Aimee;Kostyuchenko, Stanislav;Lepine, Jean Pierre;Mora, Maria Elena Medina;Neumark, Yehuda;Ormel, J. Hans;Pinto-Meza, Alejandra;Posada-Villa, Jose;Stein, Dan J.;Takeshima, Tadashi;Wells, J. Elisabeth
通讯作者：
Wells, J. Elisabeth
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Hogan, AM;Vargha-Khadem, F;Baldeweg, T
通讯作者：
Baldeweg, T
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Berg, Esta A.
通讯作者：
Berg, Esta A.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Hester, Robert;Nestor, Liam;Garavan, Hugh
通讯作者：
Garavan, Hugh