Effect of Inter-Observer Variation on the Association between Contamination Hazards and the Microbiological Quality of Water Sources: A Longitudinal Study.
Effect of Inter-Observer Variation on the Association between Contamination Hazards and the Microbiological Quality of Water Sources: A Longitudinal Study.
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观察者间变异对水源污染危害与微生物质量关系的影响：一项纵向研究。
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17249192
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发表时间：
2020-12-09
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wright JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Okotto-Okotto J;Trajano Gomes da Silva D;Kwoba E;Thumbi SM;Wanza P;Yu W;Wright JA
卫生风险检查规程经常被用来识别水源的污染危害；然而，不同的观察员有时难以一致地记录危害。这项研究的目的是评估危险观测中观察者间差异对观察到的危险与水源细菌污染之间的关系的影响，特别是与动物相关危险的关系。在一项纵向研究中，五名调查员独立记录了肯尼亚锡亚县234户家庭在雨季和旱季使用的93个水源的危险。一名调查员从来源收集样本，用于随后的大肠埃希菌和肠球菌检测。每个调查员的危险观察与高细菌污染之间的关系用Logistic回归进行检验。在控制了水源类型和之前的降雨量后，与动物有关的危害的百分比分数与一名调查员的肠球菌和大肠杆菌的高污染显著相关(优势比1.02；两个参数的95%可信区间1.00-1.03)，但对其余四名调查员没有显著影响。观测到的污染危害与水源微生物污染之间的关系对调查员之间危险记录的变化很敏感。卫生风险协议应设计为能够对危害进行可靠和一致的观察。
Sanitary risk inspection protocols are often used to identify contamination hazards at water sources; however, different observers sometimes struggle to record hazards consistently. This study aimed to assess the effect of inter-observer variation in hazard observations on the strength of relationships between observed hazards and the bacterial contamination of water sources, particularly relationships with animal-related hazards. In a longitudinal study, five surveyors independently recorded hazards at 93 water sources used by 234 households in Siaya County, Kenya, in both wet and dry seasons. One surveyor collected samples from sources for subsequent Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci testing. The relationship between each surveyor’s hazard observations and high bacterial contamination was examined using logistic regression. After controlling for water source type and preceding rainfall; percentage scores for animal-related hazards were significantly related to high contamination with enterococci and E. coli for one surveyor (odds ratio 1.02; 95% confidence intervals 1.00–1.03 for both parameters), but not for the remaining four surveyors. The relationship between observed contamination hazards and the microbiological contamination of water sources is sensitive to variation in hazard recording between surveyors. Sanitary risk protocols should be designed to enable robust and consistent observation of hazards.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Okotto-Okotto J;Wanza P;Kwoba E;Yu W;Dzodzomenyo M;Thumbi SM;da Silva DG;Wright JA
通讯作者：
Wright JA
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Chuah, C. Joon;Ziegler, Alan D.
通讯作者：
Ziegler, Alan D.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Ferrer, Nuria;Folch, Albert;Sanchez-Vila, Xavier
通讯作者：
Sanchez-Vila, Xavier
影响因子：
15.8
作者：
Bain R;Cronk R;Wright J;Yang H;Slaymaker T;Bartram J
通讯作者：
Bartram J
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Daniels, Miles E.;Shrivastava, Arpit;Jenkins, Marion W.
通讯作者：
Jenkins, Marion W.