Physiological correlates of neurobehavioral disinhibition that relate to drug use and risky sexual behavior in adolescents with prenatal substance exposure.
Physiological correlates of neurobehavioral disinhibition that relate to drug use and risky sexual behavior in adolescents with prenatal substance exposure.
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DOI：
10.1159/000365004
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Lester BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conradt E;Lagasse LL;Shankaran S;Bada H;Bauer CR;Whitaker TM;Hammond JA;Lester BM
在有产前药物暴露的青少年中，行为和情感问题、药物使用开始和危险性行为的启动之间的生理相关性尚未被研究。我们研究了3岁时基线呼吸性窦性心律失常(RSA)和11岁时基线皮质醇水平之间的一致性。我们假设，RSA和皮质醇水平一致的儿童神经行为去抑制评分较低，这反过来会预测使用药物的年龄、首次性行为和性行为。样本包括860名16岁的儿童，参与了母亲生活方式研究，这是一项对产前接触可卡因和其他物质的儿童进行的多点纵向研究。结构方程模型被用来测试产前物质暴露、早期逆境、基线RSA、基线皮质醇、神经行为去抑制、药物使用和性行为结果之间的路径。一致性是通过检查单独的男性和女性模型来研究的，在这些模型中，基线RSA和皮质醇之间存在显著的交互作用。产前物质暴露是按照儿童接触的物质数量来运作的。根据照料者产后药物使用、抑郁和心理困扰、更换照料者的次数、社会经济和贫困状况、家庭环境质量以及儿童参与保护服务、虐待和忽视的历史计算逆境评分。RSA和皮质醇是在任务开始前的基准期内测量的。神经行为去抑制，基于行为调节障碍和执行功能障碍、物质使用和性行为的综合评分，来自对儿童的问卷调查和认知测试。调查结果是针对性别的。在女性中，RSA和皮质醇不一致(高RSA和低皮质醇或低RSA和高皮质醇)的执行功能障碍最严重，这反过来又预示着16岁之前开始饮酒。在男孩中，通过基线皮质醇相互作用，也存在显著的基线RSA。低基线RSA和高基线皮质醇的男孩行为失调程度最高。这种行为失调的增加反过来与16岁开始饮酒和较低的第一次性行为年龄有关。我们发现，通过副交感神经和神经内分泌功能的联合活动，开始饮酒和危险的性行为的性别特异性途径。对多个生理系统的研究可能会为青少年开始使用药物和参与危险性行为的年龄研究提供新的途径。
Physiological correlates of behavioral and emotional problems, substance use onset and initiation of risky sexual behavior have not been studied in adolescents with prenatal drug exposure. We studied the concordance between baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) at age 3 and baseline Cortisol levels at age 11. We hypothesized that children who showed concordance between RSA and Cortisol would have lower neurobehavioral disinhibition scores which would in turn predict age of substance use onset and first sexual intercourse. The sample included 860 children aged 16 years participating in the Maternal Lifestyle Study, a multisite longitudinal study of children with prenatal exposure to cocaine and other substances. Structural equation modeling was used to test pathways between prenatal substance exposure, early adversity, baseline RSA, baseline Cortisol, neurobehavioral disinhibition, drug use, and sexual behavior outcomes. Concordance was studied by examining separate male and female models in which there were statistically significant interactions between baseline RSA and Cortisol. Prenatal substance exposure was operationalized as the number of substances to which the child was exposed. An adversity score was computed based on caregiver postnatal substance use, depression and psychological distress, number of caregiver changes, socioeconomic and poverty status, quality of the home environment, and child history of protective service involvement, abuse and neglect. RSA and Cortisol were measured during a baseline period prior to the beginning of a task. Neurobehavioral disinhibition, based on composite scores of behavioral dysregulation and executive dysfunction, substance use and sexual behavior were derived from questionnaires and cognitive tests administered to the child. Findings were sex specific. In females, those with discordance between RSA and Cortisol (high RSA and low Cortisol or low RSA and high Cortisol) had the most executive dysfunction which, in turn, predicted earlier initiation of alcohol by age 16. Among boys, there also existed a significant baseline RSA by baseline Cortisol interaction. Boys with low baseline RSA and high baseline Cortisol had the highest levels of behavioral dysregulation. This increase in behavioral dysregulation was in turn related to initiation of alcohol use by age 16 and lower age of first sexual intercourse. We found sex-specific pathways to the initiation of alcohol use and risky sexual behavior through the combined activity of parasympathetic and neuroendocrine functioning. The study of multiple physiological systems may suggest new pathways to the study of age of onset of substance use and engagement in risky sexual behavior in adolescents.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Blair C;Granger DA;Willoughby M;Mills-Koonce R;Cox M;Greenberg MT;Kivlighan KT;Fortunato CK;FLP Investigators
通讯作者：
FLP Investigators
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
El-Sheikh, Mona;Arsiwalla, Dilbur D.;Hinnant, J. Benjamin;Erath, Stephen A.
通讯作者：
Erath, Stephen A.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Crockett, Lisa J.;Raffaelli, Marcela;Shen, Yuh-Ling
通讯作者：
Shen, Yuh-Ling
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Huffman, LC;Bryan, YE;Porges, SW
通讯作者：
Porges, SW
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Granger, DA;Kivlighan, KT
通讯作者：
Kivlighan, KT