Neural Substrates Underlying Eyeblink Classical Conditioning in Adults With Alcohol Use Disorders.
Neural Substrates Underlying Eyeblink Classical Conditioning in Adults With Alcohol Use Disorders.
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DOI：
10.1111/acer.14288
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发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Desmond JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng DT;Rice LC;McCaul ME;Rilee JJ;Faulkner ML;Sheu YS;Mathena JR;Desmond JE
过量饮酒会使大脑发生变化，通常会导致认知障碍。眨眼经典条件反射（EBC）是学习的一种基本形式，已被广泛用于学习和记忆的神经生物学研究。患有酒精使用障碍（AUD）的参与者一直表现出EBC的行为缺陷。目前的功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究是第一个检查戒断AUD参与者和健康参与者在条件反射过程中的大脑功能。AUD参与者符合DSM-IV酒精依赖标准，至少有10年的酗酒史，并且至少戒酒30天。在功能磁共振成像过程中，参与者接受预测角膜气泡发生的听觉音调。在实验过程中，对这些音调的预期眨眼反应进行了监测，以评估与学习相关的变化。行为结果表明，AUD参与者表现出显着的条件反射缺陷，他们一生的饮酒史对应于这些缺陷。尽管存在这种学习障碍，但AUD参与者在条件反射期间在几个关键的小脑结构（包括小叶VI）中表现出过度激活。对于所有参与者，一生饮酒史与他们的小叶VI活动相对应。这些发现表明，过量饮酒与小脑异常过度激活和条件反射障碍有关。
Excessive alcohol consumption produces changes in the brain that often lead to cognitive impairments. One fundamental form of learning, eyeblink classical conditioning (EBC) has been widely used to study the neurobiology of learning and memory. Participants with alcohol use disorders (AUD) have consistently shown a behavioral deficit in EBC. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study is the first to examine brain function during conditioning in abstinent AUD participants and healthy participants. AUD participants met DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence, had at least a 10 year history of heavy drinking, and were abstinent from alcohol for at least 30 days. During fMRI, participants received auditory tones that predicted the occurrence of corneal airpuffs. Anticipatory eyeblink responses to these tones were monitored during the experiment to assess learning-related changes. Behavioral results indicate that AUD participants showed significant conditioning deficits and that their history of lifetime drinks corresponded to these deficits. Despite this learning impairment, AUD participants showed hyperactivation in several key cerebellar structures (including lobule VI) during conditioning. For all participants, history of lifetime drinks corresponded with their lobule VI activity. These findings suggest that excessive alcohol consumption is associated with abnormal cerebellar hyperactivation and conditioning impairments.
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影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Diedrichsen, Joern;Balsters, Joshua H.;Ramnani, Narender
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph6072007
发表时间：
2009-07
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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