Exploring the Relationship Between Substance Use and Allostatic Load in a Treatment/Research Cohort and in a US Probability Sample (NHANES 2009-2016).
Exploring the Relationship Between Substance Use and Allostatic Load in a Treatment/Research Cohort and in a US Probability Sample (NHANES 2009-2016).
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2021.630195
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Preston KL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rogers JM;Epstein DH;Phillips K;Strickland JC;Preston KL
适应负荷是一生中生理上从适应（适应）到压力的累积应变的操作化，可表现为心血管、神经内分泌和代谢系统的损伤。适应负荷的概念可能在物质使用障碍（SUD）的研究中特别有用，因为SUD研究人员试图更好地理解慢性应激源与药物使用之间的关系。理论模型认为，sud可以被概念化为一种螺旋状的持续不稳定状态（即，不稳定如此持久，以至于代表了一个新的、不健康的设定点的体内平衡）。无论这些模型在多大程度上是准确的，增加的适应负荷可能是频繁给药增加不良后果风险的一种机制。我们进行了两次二次分析，以评估药物使用（包括酒精使用）背景下的适应负荷，研究对象是当地招募的非法药物使用比例较高的样本（N = 752）和NHANES 2009-2016年全国代表性样本。我们假设，在控制了年龄和其他潜在的混杂因素后，有较长药物使用史的人会有较高的异源静态负荷得分。在控制已知混杂因素的情况下，采用多元回归从参与者的用药史预测适应负荷。在当地招募的样本中，我们发现长期使用可卡因或阿片类药物与增加的适应负荷有关。在NHANES 2009-2016中，我们发现很少或没有这种关联。长期有问题的非医疗物质使用史可能比单独衰老更容易促进适应负荷的快速增加，并且，结合以前的调查结果，这一发现表明慢性疾病的风险增加。
Allostatic load, an operationalization for cumulative strain on physiology from adaptation (allostasis) to stress over a lifetime, can manifest as damage to cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and metabolic systems. The concept of allostatic load may be particularly useful in research on substance-use disorders (SUDs) because SUD researchers have sought to better understand the relationship between chronic stressors and drug use. Theoretical models hold that SUDs can be conceptualized as a spiral toward a state of persistent allostasis (i.e., allostasis so persistent as to represent homeostasis at a new, unhealthy set point). Regardless of the extent to which those models are accurate, increased allostatic load could be a mechanism by which frequent drug administration increases risk for adverse outcomes. We conducted two secondary analyses to evaluate allostatic load in the context of drug use, including alcohol use, in a locally recruited sample with a high proportion of illicit substance use (N = 752) and in a nationally representative sample from the NHANES 2009–2016. We hypothesized that after controlling for age and other potential confounds, people with longer histories of drug use would have higher allostatic-load scores. Multiple regression was used to predict allostatic load from participants' drug-use histories while controlling for known confounds. In the locally recruited sample, we found that longer lifetime use of cocaine or opioids was related to increased allostatic load. In NHANES 2009–2016, we found few or no such associations. Lengthy histories of problematic non-medical substance use may facilitate more rapid increases in allostatic load than aging alone, and, together with findings from previous investigations, this finding suggests increased risk for chronic disease.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
COHEN, S;KAMARCK, T;MERMELSTEIN, R
通讯作者：
MERMELSTEIN, R
影响因子：
5
作者：
Bachi K;Sierra S;Volkow ND;Goldstein RZ;Alia-Klein N
通讯作者：
Alia-Klein N
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Evans, Gary W.;Kim, Pilyoung
通讯作者：
Kim, Pilyoung
DOI：
10.1080/13548500500429338
发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
Psychology, health & medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Clark, Michael S;Bond, Malcolm J;Hecker, Jane R
通讯作者：
Hecker, Jane R
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Chen, Xiaoli;Redline, Susan;Williams, Michelle A.
通讯作者：
Williams, Michelle A.