From Animaculum to single molecules: 300 years of the light microscope.

From Animaculum to single molecules: 300 years of the light microscope.
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DOI:
10.1098/rsob.150019
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发表时间:
2015-04
期刊:
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Leake MC
Leake MC
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wollman AJ;Nudd R;Hedlund EG;Leake MC

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安东尼·范·列文虎克(Antonj van Leeuwenhoek,1632-1723年)虽然没有声称自己是光学显微镜的发明者,但他可以说是第一个将这一时代的新技术奇迹恰当地吸引到对生物研究感兴趣的自然科学家(我们现在可以将其称为“生物学家”)的注意的人。他是一名荷兰德雷德人,没有接受过正式的科学培训。从使用放大镜观察布料中的线,他接着开发了500多台简单的单镜头显微镜(Baker&Leeuwenhoek 1739 Phil。翻译过来的。41,503-519。(DOI:10.1098/rstl.1739.0085)),他用来观察许多不同的生物样本。他通过一系列信件向皇家学会传达了他的发现(Leeuwenhoek 1800 Antony Van Leeuwenhoek的精选作品,包含了他在许多自然作品中的微观发现,第1卷),包括在本版《开放生物学》中重新出版的一封。我们在这里的回顾从van Leeuwenhoek的工作开始,然后总结了过去300年的关键发展,见证了光学显微镜从van Leeuwenhoek时代的简单单透镜设备演变为能够观察活细胞内单个生物分子的动态,并跟踪整个胚胎和植物发育中的每个细胞核的仪器。
Although not laying claim to being the inventor of the light microscope, Antonj van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) was arguably the first person to bring this new technological wonder of the age properly to the attention of natural scientists interested in the study of living things (people we might now term ‘biologists’). He was a Dutch draper with no formal scientific training. From using magnifying glasses to observe threads in cloth, he went on to develop over 500 simple single lens microscopes (Baker & Leeuwenhoek 1739 Phil. Trans. 41, 503–519. (doi:10.1098/rstl.1739.0085)) which he used to observe many different biological samples. He communicated his finding to the Royal Society in a series of letters (Leeuwenhoek 1800 The select works of Antony Van Leeuwenhoek, containing his microscopical discoveries in many of the works of nature, vol. 1) including the one republished in this edition of Open Biology. Our review here begins with the work of van Leeuwenhoek before summarizing the key developments over the last ca 300 years, which has seen the light microscope evolve from a simple single lens device of van Leeuwenhoek's day into an instrument capable of observing the dynamics of single biological molecules inside living cells, and to tracking every cell nucleus in the development of whole embryos and plants.
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