Human PRV Infection in China: An Alarm to Accelerate Eradication of PRV in Domestic Pigs.
Human PRV Infection in China: An Alarm to Accelerate Eradication of PRV in Domestic Pigs.
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中国人PRV感染：加速消灭家猪PRV的警报
DOI：
10.1007/s12250-021-00347-1
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发表时间：
2021-08
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Zhang G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo Z;Chen XX;Zhang G
伪狂犬病也称为Aujeszky病，是猪中最具经济重要性的病毒性疾病之一，对其他易感动物具有致死性（Ren et al. 2020）。病原体伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）是一种包膜病毒，具有编码至少70种蛋白质的大型双链DNA基因组（Wong et al. 2019）。PRV属于疱疹病毒科，α疱疹病毒亚科，水痘病毒属，感染多种动物，如猪、狗、猫、兔、牛、绵羊、山羊、水貂、狐狸、狼、猞猁等。(He等人2019;拉瓦尔和Enquist 2020）。猪被认为是该病毒的天然宿主，PRV感染导致仔猪出现重度神经系统症状，死亡率几乎为100%，保育期出现呼吸/神经系统体征，成年猪出现呼吸体征，母猪出现生殖障碍（He et al. 2019; Ren et al. 2020）。其他受感染的非自然动物宿主大多在发病后24-48 h内死亡，通常表现为头颈部严重瘙痒，并伴有自残（拉瓦尔和Enquist 2020）。尽管欧洲偶尔报告了疑似PRV感染人类的病例，由于缺乏明确的病原学或血清学诊断，人类中PRV感染的发生仍然存在争议（Wong et al. 2019）。然而，自2018年以来，来自中国的多份报告显示，PRV可通过宏基因组下一代测序（NGS）检测PRV核酸或通过ELISA检测PRV特异性抗体感染人类（图1A，表1）（Zhao et al. 2018; Ai et al. 2018; Fan et al. 2020; Hu et al. 2020; Li et al. 2020; Wang
Pseudorabies, also known as Aujeszky’s disease, is one of the most economically important viral diseases in pigs and is lethal to other susceptible animals (Ren et al. 2020). The causative agent, pseudorabies virus (PRV), is an enveloped virus with a large double-stranded DNA genome encoding at least 70 proteins (Wong et al. 2019). PRV belongs to the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, genus Varicellovirus and infects multiple animals, such as pigs, dogs, cats, rabbits, cattle, sheep, goats, minks, foxes, wolves, lynxes, etc.(He et al. 2019; Laval and Enquist 2020). Pigs are recognized as the natural hosts for the virus, and the PRV infection causes severe neurological symptoms in piglets with almost 100% mortality, respiratory/neurological signs in the nursery, respiratory signs in adult pigs, and reproductive disorders in sows (He et al. 2019; Ren et al. 2020). Most of the other infected non-natural animal hosts die within 24–48 h of disease onset, which is usually characterized by severe pruritus in the head and neck, accompanied by self-mutilation (Laval and Enquist 2020).Although cases of suspected PRV infections in humans have been occasionally reported in Europe, the occurrence of PRV infection in humans is still controversial owing to the lack of a definitely etiological or serological diagnosis (Wong et al. 2019). However, since 2018, several reports from China have shown that PRV could infect humans through detection of PRV nucleic acids by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (NGS) or specific antibody for PRV by ELISA (Fig. 1 A, Table 1)(Zhao et al. 2018; Ai et al. 2018; Fan et al. 2020; Hu et al. 2020; Li et al. 2020; Wang
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