Does polyandry control population sex ratio via regulation of a selfish gene?

Does polyandry control population sex ratio via regulation of a selfish gene?
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一妻多夫制是否通过调节自私基因来控制人口性别比例?

DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2013.3259
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
Proceedings. Biological sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Price TA
Price TA
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Price TA

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雌性多重交配(一妻多夫制)的程度对性选择的强度、性冲突以及合作和社会性的进化具有重要影响。更微妙的是,一妻多夫制可以保护种群免受有害的自私遗传元素(SGEs)入侵所导致的基因组内冲突。SGEs通常会损害精子的产生,因此很可能在精子竞争中失败,从而潜在地减少了它们在一妻多夫制人群中的传播。在这里,我们在自然界中测试这一预测。我们证明了一妻多夫制程度的遗传纬度梯度,在整个美国,北方种群的雌性在野外和实验室中都更频繁地存在。在自然种群中,高残差与低频率的性别比例扭曲减数分裂驱动相关。在实验室中,一妻多夫制通过破坏其传播直接控制了驾驶员的频率。因此,我们认为一妻多夫制的减少是自然界性别比例减少的一个重要因素。此外,由于减数分裂驱动因素导致性别比例偏差,一妻多夫制的变化可能最终决定美国各地的人口性别比例,这对女性的交配决定产生了巨大影响。由于sge普遍存在,因此一妻多夫制减少基因组内冲突的现象很可能是普遍存在的。
The extent of female multiple mating (polyandry) can strongly impact on the intensity of sexual selection, sexual conflict, and the evolution of cooperation and sociality. More subtly, polyandry may protect populations against intragenomic conflicts that result from the invasion of deleterious selfish genetic elements (SGEs). SGEs commonly impair sperm production, and so are likely to be unsuccessful in sperm competition, potentially reducing their transmission in polyandrous populations. Here, we test this prediction in nature. We demonstrate a heritable latitudinal cline in the degree of polyandry in the fruitflyDrosophila pseudoobscuraacross the USA, with northern population females remating more frequently in both the field and the laboratory. High remating was associated with low frequency of a sex-ratio-distorting meiotic driver in natural populations. In the laboratory, polyandry directly controls the frequency of the driver by undermining its transmission. Hence we suggest that the cline in polyandry represents an important contributor to the cline insex ratioin nature. Furthermore, as the meiotic driver causes sex ratio bias, variation in polyandry may ultimately determine population sex ratio across the USA, a dramatic impact of female mating decisions. As SGEs are ubiquitous it is likely that the reduction of intragenomic conflict by polyandry is widespread.
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